Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41992680›Full record

ArticleMolecular ecology resources2026

Navigating Cetacean Mitochondrial Genome Data: Identifying Coverage and Deficiencies in Public Repositories.

Luís Afonso, Alessandro Lagrotteria, Ana Sofia Lavrador, Paula Suarez-Bregua, Miguel Álvarez-González, Raul Valente, Mads Reinholdt Jensen, Camilo Saavedra, Daniel Kumazawa Morais, Isabel Sousa-Pinto and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular ecology resources, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Luís AfonsoInterdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIIMAR-LA), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal.
Alessandro LagrotteriaInterdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIIMAR-LA), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal.
Ana Sofia LavradorInterdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIIMAR-LA), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal.
Paula Suarez-BreguaOceanographic Centre of Vigo, Spanish National Research Council (IEO-CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
Miguel Álvarez-GonzálezOceanographic Centre of Vigo, Spanish National Research Council (IEO-CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
Raul ValenteInterdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIIMAR-LA), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8544-373X
Mads Reinholdt JensenNorwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8240-1083
Camilo SaavedraOceanographic Centre of Vigo, Spanish National Research Council (IEO-CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
Daniel Kumazawa MoraisNorwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Isabel Sousa-PintoInterdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIIMAR-LA), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal.
Graham J PierceInstitute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
Catarina MagalhãesInterdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIIMAR-LA), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9576-2398
Ana Mafalda CorreiaInterdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIIMAR-LA), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-6894

Funding

Biodiversa+ 101052342HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme 101082021HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme 101135583NORTE2030 Regional Program NORTE2030-FEDER-01799200
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genetic reference databases underpin a wide range of molecular approaches used to study cetacean biodiversity, including environmental DNA (eDNA), yet their reliability depends critically on data completeness, taxonomic accuracy, and metadata quality. Here, we present the first global assessment of mitochondrial sequence availability for cetaceans, evaluating taxonomic coverage, geographic representation, metadata completeness, and the distribution of five commonly targeted mitochondrial markers (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, D-loop, cytochrome oxidase I, and cytochrome b). We retrieved 17,569 cetacean accessions from the NCBI Nucleotide database and an additional 259 COI-only records from BOLD Systems. Sequence availability was strongly biased toward Delphinidae and Balaenopteridae, whereas several families, notably Ziphiidae, were markedly underrepresented. We also identified discrepancies between database records and currently accepted cetacean taxonomy (e.g., outdated genera, non-accepted species, and collapsed higher-level taxa). Among markers, the D-loop dominated database representation, largely as standalone sequences (12,437 records), reflecting historical and current sequencing priorities and underscoring its continued relevance for population-level studies and eDNA marker development. Only 38% of accessions included geographic metadata, with georeferenced records concentrated primarily in the Americas and the Northwest Pacific, while large regions, including much of Africa, remained poorly represented. Although broad geographic patterns mirrored known family distributions, pronounced regional and taxonomic gaps persist. Our results highlight critical deficiencies in mitochondrial reference databases for cetaceans and emphasise the need for improved metadata standards, targeted sequencing of underrepresented taxa and regions, and open data sharing to enhance the effectiveness and global applicability of eDNA-based cetacean monitoring.

Indexed as

CetaceaDatabases, GeneticGenome, MitochondrialAnimalsBiocurationDatabases, Nucleic AcidDNA, MitochondrialSequence Analysis, DNADNA, MitochondrialBOLDdata repositoriesenvironmental DNAgap analysisGenBankmarine mammalsmitogenome

Identifiers

PMID41992680
PMCPMC13087493

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.