Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41991083›Full record

ArticleJournal of substance use and addiction treatment2026

Burden of all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with medications for treatment of opioid use disorder: A matched cohort study from 4 US health systems, 2012-2021.

Anh P Nguyen, Komal J Narwaney, Jason M Glanz, Glenn Goodrich, Cynthia I Campbell, Stanley Xu, Amy M Loree, Paul J Christine, Ingrid A Binswanger

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of substance use and addiction treatment, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Anh P NguyenInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA. Electronic address: Anh.P.Nguyen@KP.org.
Komal J NarwaneyInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Jason M GlanzInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA.
Glenn GoodrichInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Cynthia I CampbellDepartment of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA; Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Pleasanton, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Stanley XuDepartment of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA; Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Amy M LoreeCenter for Health Policy & Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA.
Paul J ChristineInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of General Internal Medicine, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, USA.
Ingrid A BinswangerInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Colorado Permanente Medical Group, Denver, CO, USA.

Funding

Project-002UG1DA040314 · NIDA · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI Ingrid A Binswanger, CYNTHIA I CAMPBELL · 2015 to 2026
$34.9M
NIDA NIH HHS UG1 DA040314
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo estimate all-cause and cause-specific mortality burden in patients who received medication treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD).

methodsWe conducted a cohort study of 27,230 patients who received medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), buprenorphine or naltrexone, matched 1:1 to individuals without MOUD from 4 US health systems in California, Colorado, and Michigan between 2012 and 2021. We calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) with bootstrapped 95% CI to assess mortality burden.

resultsPatients who received treatment for OUD were 4 times more likely to die from any cause (SMR 4.37, 95% CI 3.80-4.64) and 37 times more likely to die from drug overdose (SMR 37.58, 95% CI 29.33-55.09; 41.6% of all deaths) compared to demographically similar individuals. Deaths from non-overdose causes showed modest but significant burden (SMR 2.68, 95% CI 2.31-2.86; 58.4% of deaths). The top contributors to non-overdose deaths were circulatory system diseases (SMR 3.06, 95% CI 1.73-3.63; 13.9% of deaths), other external causes (SMR 4.50, 95% CI 3.64-5.62; 11.3% of deaths), and cancers (SMR 1.59, 95% CI 1.30-1.86; 9.4% of deaths), which all showed elevated mortality.

conclusionsContinued efforts are needed to prevent high burden of mortality from both overdose and non-overdose causes among patients with MOUD treatment.

Indexed as

ComorbiditiesExcess mortalityOpioid use disorder

Identifiers

PMID41991083
PMCPMC13215646

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.