Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41990142›Full record

ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2026

Characteristics and outcomes of dogs undergoing cholecystectomy for diseases other than a mature gallbladder mucocele: a retrospective cohort study.

Harry Cridge, Lizette Cotto, Jarod Williams, Alison Lee, Sichao Wang, Sara Jablonski

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Harry CridgeDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-0236-2307
Lizette CottoDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
Jarod WilliamsOzark Veterinary Specialty Care, Springdale, AR 72762, United States.
Alison LeeDepartment of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, United States.
Sichao WangCenter for Statistical Training and Consulting (CSTAT), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
Sara JablonskiDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6486-3644

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCholecystectomy is well described for gallbladder mucocele management, but its role in other gallbladder diseases is less well understood. HYPOTHESIS/

objectivesCharacterize and compare dogs undergoing cholecystectomy for mature gallbladder mucocele (M-GBM) versus "other gallbladder disease" (non-M-GBM). A secondary exploratory aim was to compare surgical complication and 10 to 14-day mortality rates between cohorts. ANIMALS: A total of 256 dogs undergoing cholecystectomy.

methodsRetrospective cohort study (2018-2025). Dogs were assigned to M-GBM or non-M-GBM groups based on radiologist review of stored ultrasonographic images. Clinical, biochemical, histopathologic, and outcome variables were compared. Survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves and restricted mean survival time estimates.

resultsSixty-nine dogs were classified as M-GBM and 187 as non-M-GBM. The M-GBM dogs were significantly older (11.0 ± 2.8 vs 8.7 ± 3.1 years; P < .001) and had higher white blood cell (13.8 ± 7.3 vs 10.0 ± 4.5 k/μL; P < .001), and neutrophil counts (10.5 ± 6.2 vs 7.3 ± 3.9 k/μL; P < .001), and ALT (148; interquartile range [IQR]: 55.2-402 vs 78; IQR: 42.5-278.5 U/L; P < .001) and ALP activities (446; IQR: 148-1860 vs 178; IQR: 59.5-786.8 U/L; P < .001). Fourteen-day mortality was significantly lower in the non-M-GBM cohort (3.2 vs 8.7%; P = .04). Post-surgical clinical improvement occurred in 83.7% of non-M-GBM dogs. Concurrent pancreatic and intestinal abnormalities were common. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Cholecystectomy was safe, associated with owner-perceived clinical improvement, and carried a lower short-term mortality rate in non-M-GBM dogs compared with M-GBM dogs.

Indexed as

CholecystectomyDog DiseasesGallbladder DiseasesMucoceleAnimalsCohort StudiesDogsFemaleMalePostoperative ComplicationsRetrospective StudiesTreatment Outcomecholecystopathydisease spectrummortalitysurgery complications

Identifiers

PMID41990142
PMCPMC13089496

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.