Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41989684›Full record

ReviewDigestive diseases and sciences2026

Gastroenterologist's Guide to Assess for Alcohol Use.

Akshay Shetty, Kabir Rahal, Julio Meza, Sammy Saab

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Akshay ShettyDepartments of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. akshayshetty@mednet.ucla.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9261-1639
Kabir RahalDepartment of Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Julio MezaDepartment of Family Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
Sammy SaabDepartments of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAlcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) carries significant health care burden as it is the leading indication for hospitalization and liver transplantation among patients with chronic liver disease. Key challenge with ALD remains a delay in its diagnosis during the asymptomatic stage warranting the need for improved screening for heavy alcohol use. Further, given the impact of alcohol use in steatotic liver disease, accurate assessment of alcohol use is paramount. The aim of this study is to review the challenges associated with alcohol assessment, importance of subjective assessment, while reviewing available objective tools to assess for alcohol use.

methodsWe searched PubMed for studies evaluating the epidemiology of ALD, self-reporting tools and biomarkers available for assessing alcohol use across general population and chronic liver disease patients. Relevant articles and references were individually reviewed and included.

resultsAll patients should undergo screening for alcohol use with brief questionnaires. Detailed alcohol assessments should be completed in patients who screen positively on brief questionnaires. Patients undergoing evaluation for steatotic or chronic liver disease warrant a more thorough evaluation with inclusion of objective biomarkers to aid self-reporting questionnaires. Discordant findings between subjective and objective reports should be utilized as an opportunity to engage patients to discuss their alcohol use and review treatment plans to achieve sobriety.

conclusionAccurate alcohol use assessment requires a dual approach in which objective biomarkers are incorporated with self-reporting tools. Early diagnosis of harmful alcohol use accompanied with intervention and referral to treatment can help prevent downstream complications of ALD.

Indexed as

Alcohol DrinkingAlcoholismGastroenterologistsLiver Diseases, AlcoholicBiomarkersHumansSurveys and QuestionnairesBiomarkersAlcohol-associated liver diseaseAlcohol biomarkersAlcohol use disorderPETHPhosphatidylethanolScreening for alcohol use

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.