Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41989679›Full record

ReviewCurrent urology reports2026

Tibial Nerve Stimulation: Recent Progress and Challenges.

Theodoros Karanikolas, Victoria Dai, Kaitlyn D Kim, Kelli Aibel, Noelle Waldschmidt, Nitya Abraham

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current urology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Theodoros KaranikolasDepartment of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Victoria DaiAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Kaitlyn D KimAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Kelli AibelDepartment of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Noelle WaldschmidtDepartment of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Nitya AbrahamDepartment of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. nabraham@montefiore.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewThis review examines the evolution, mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and future directions of tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) in the management of overactive bladder (OAB). We sought to clarify how percutaneous (PTNS), transcutaneous (TTNS), and implantable (ITNS) modalities compare in efficacy, safety, durability, and practical application relative to other advanced therapies. RECENT

findingsContemporary randomized trials, cohort studies, and meta-analyses demonstrate pooled response rates of approximately 60–80% across TNS modalities with meaningful improvements in urgency, frequency, nocturia, urgency urinary incontinence, and quality of life. TTNS shows comparable short-term efficacy to PTNS with practical advantages, and ITNS devices demonstrate durable outcomes and reduced treatment burden. Comparative data suggest non-inferior efficacy to sacral neuromodulation and onabotulinumtoxinA with favorable safety profiles. TNS represents an effective, minimally invasive neuromodulatory strategy for OAB. Implantable and closed-loop systems may further improve adherence and long-term outcomes, warranting continued head-to-head and parameter-optimization studies.

Indexed as

Electric Stimulation TherapyTibial NerveTranscutaneous Electric Nerve StimulationUrinary Bladder, OveractiveHumansTreatment OutcomeNeuromodulationOveractive bladderTibial nerve stimulation

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.