Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41989504›Full record

ArticleInternational urogynecology journal2026

Patient Factors Associated with Presacral Space Depth: A Pelvic MRI Study.

Krystine Gulbrand, Amanda Chapa, Mariana Masteling, Jordan Swensson, Anne Sammarco, Ramzy Burns, Douglass Hale, John D E Lancey, Jennifer Hamner

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International urogynecology journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Krystine GulbrandDivision of Urogynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Amanda ChapaDivision of Urogynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Mariana MastelingDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Jordan SwenssonDepartment of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Anne SammarcoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Ramzy BurnsDepartment of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. rburns8@iu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-6610-4560
Douglass HaleDivision of Urogynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
John D E LanceyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Jennifer HamnerDivision of Urogynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Funding

Mechanisms of anterior vaginal wall support failureR01HD038665 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI DELANCEY, JOHN O.L. · 2000 to 2014
$3.8M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD038665
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introduction and hypothesisSacrocolpopexy is the most durable surgical repair for advanced pelvic organ prolapse, but dissection of the presacral space can be technically challenging. Variation in presacral space depth may affect surgical exposure and operative risk. Limited data exist regarding patient-specific factors associated with variation in presacral anatomy and presacral space depth. We hypothesized that body mass index (BMI) would not meaningfully predict variation in presacral space depth.

methodsThis retrospective cohort study evaluated presacral anatomic measurements using pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women. Presacral anatomic measurements, including presacral depth, anterior longitudinal ligament thickness, and sacral vertebral dimensions, were obtained between L5 and S3 using a standardized midsagittal MRI technique. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and medical history were collected. Descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and effect sizes were calculated.

resultsA total of 209 pelvic MRIs were reviewed, of which 167 had complete data. BMI demonstrated only weak correlations with presacral space depth. A history of hysterectomy was associated with increased presacral depth at S1 compared with women with an intact uterus (24% increase; p = 0.01). Postmenopausal status and exogenous estrogen use were associated with increased L5-S1 disc space height (p = 0.03 and p = 0.02, respectively). Presacral space depth was significantly shallower at the sacral promontory than at more caudal levels, while anterior longitudinal ligament thickness was greatest at the promontory. Presacral depth was also moderately correlated with sacral vertebral body height.

conclusionsPresacral space depth was not associated with BMI but was modestly increased in women with a history of hysterectomy. These findings suggest that prior pelvic surgery, rather than BMI, may influence presacral anatomy and could be relevant for surgical planning.

Indexed as

Magnetic Resonance ImagingPelvic Organ ProlapseSacrumAdultAgedBody Mass IndexFemaleHumansHysterectomyLongitudinal LigamentsMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesHysterectomyMRIPelvic anatomyPelvic organ prolapsePresacral spaceSacrocolpopexy

Identifiers

PMID41989504
PMCPMC13649914

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.