Beyond Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Detection of EBV and Polyomaviruses in Cervical and Anal Samples.

Colorectal and cervical cancers represent an important public health problem worldwide, particularly in Brazil. Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies worldwide and the most common cancer in both men and woman in Brazil. Although cervical cancer also remains a significant public health concern in the female population due to its high incidence and mortality rates. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Polyomaviruses (JCPyV and BKPyV) are considered as oncoviruses with a prevalence of 90% in the adult population. Studies suggest that coinfection with Human papillomavirus (HPV) and EBV, JCPyV and BKPyV can be associated with anal cancer, with HPV being the dominant viral cause. Although in cervical cancer, this coinfection is often observed, and it may enhance cervical oncogenic potential. These facts are particularly concerning in women living with HIV, who are more susceptible to persistent HPV infections and HPV-related cancers. This study aimed to investigate EBV, JCPyV and BKPyV presence in HPV-infected women living with HIV. This cross-sectional study collected 33 cervical and 30 anal scrapings samples, as well as 26 paired samples from both sites from HPV-positive women living with HIV. Viral detection and quantification for EBV, JCPyV and BKPyV were performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), while HPV detection and genotyping utilized the Novaplex