Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41989200›Full record

ArticleJournal of empirical research on human research ethics : JERHRE2026

Determining Ethical Incentives in Biomedical HIV Research: Insights from Researchers, Regulators, and People Living with HIV.

Karah Y Greene, Brandon Brown, Jerome T Galea, Jasmine L Lopez, Karine Dubé, Jeff Taylor, Christopher Christensen, Andrea N Polonijo

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of empirical research on human research ethics : JERHRE, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Karah Y GreeneSchool of Social Work, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3077-1426
Brandon BrownDepartment of Social Medicine, Population, and Public Health, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6348-4108
Jerome T GaleaSchool of Social Work, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8732-6959
Jasmine L LopezDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
Karine DubéDepartment of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3458-1539
Jeff TaylorHIV + Aging Research Project-Palm Springs, Palm Springs, CA, USA.
Christopher ChristensenHIV + Aging Research Project-Palm Springs, Palm Springs, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8138-1217
Andrea N PolonijoDepartment of Sociology and the Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4706-3482

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Incentives are crucial for recruiting and retaining participants in research studies, yet researchers and regulators often struggle to determine appropriate incentives due to ethical concerns and a lack of clear guidelines. We conducted interviews and focus groups with three stakeholder groups-biomedical HIV researchers (n = 12), institutional review board (IRB) members (n = 12), and people living with HIV (PLWH) (n = 69)-to explore their perspectives on incentives and ethical decision-making in biomedical HIV research. Our findings revealed disparities in perspectives; researchers and IRB members were most concerned about offering high incentives, while PLWH were most concerned about incentives being too low. Consensus highlighted the need for diverse incentive options, transparency, standardized guidelines, and community engagement to address both ethical and practical challenges.

Indexed as

Biomedical ResearchDecision MakingEthics, ResearchHIV InfectionsMotivationPatient SelectionResearch PersonnelAdultEthics Committees, ResearchFemaleFocus GroupsHumansInterviews as TopicMaleResearch Subjectscompensationethical paymentsHIVincentivespeople living with HIVreimbursementresearch participation

Identifiers

PMID41989200
PMCPMC13250273

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.