Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41988823›Full record

ReviewAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2026

Social connectedness and cognitive outcomes in rural middle- to older-age adults.

Juyoung Park, Lilah M Besser, Madeleine Tourelle, Christine Williams, Diane Cook, Diana Mitsova, Sheryl Magzamen, Lisa Wiese

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Social connectedness and cognitive outcomes in rural middle- to older-age adults.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Juyoung ParkCollege of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Lilah M BesserComprehensive Center for Brain Health, University of Miami School of Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
Madeleine TourelleComprehensive Center for Brain Health, University of Miami School of Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
Christine WilliamsC.E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
Diane CookSchool of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
Diana MitsovaDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
Sheryl MagzamenDepartment of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Lisa WieseC.E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9945-0877

Funding

The Role of Air Quality and Built Environment in Social Isolation and Cognitive Function among Rural, Racially/Ethnically Diverse Residents at Risk for Alzheimer's DiseaseR01AG083925 · NIA · FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIVERSITY · PI CHRISTINE L WILLIAMS, Lisa Ann Wiese · 2023 to 2026
$3.5M
NIA NIH HHS 5R01AG083925NIA NIH HHS R01 AG083925
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Social connectedness plays a vital role in cognitive health for rural adults, a population at heightened risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). We reviewed 39 primary studies examining associations between dimensions of social connectedness and cognitive function/cognitive impairment in rural adults (≥ 40 years). Most studies (56%) focused on a single dimension of social connectedness and most (82%) were cross-sectional. Sixty-seven percent examined social isolation, 44% examined social support, 23% examined social engagement, and 18% examined loneliness. Social connectedness was frequently associated with cognitive outcomes (≥ 90% of studies), with isolation and loneliness appearing detrimental and engagement and support appearing protective. Most were conducted in Asia (62%), with the remainder in North America (18%), Africa (18%), and Europe (5%). This review highlights four interrelated but distinct domains of social connectedness and underscores the need for longitudinal, multidimensional, and context-specific research to inform strategies promoting cognitive resilience in rural populations.

Indexed as

CognitionRural PopulationSocial IsolationSocial SupportAgedHumansLonelinessMiddle AgedAlzheimer's diseasecognitive functiondementiaruralsocial connectednesssocial engagementsocial isolationsocial support

Identifiers

PMID41988823
PMCPMC13084533

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.