Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41988566›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Invisible battles: the disability paradox and workplace experiences of individuals with lupus.

Armand Bam, Liam Kilbride, Linda Ronnie

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Armand BamStellenbosch Business School, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa.
Liam KilbrideDepartment of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa.
Linda RonnieSchool of Management Studies, Faculty of Commerce, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Individuals living with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), experience complex interplay between fatigue, mental health challenges, and workplace inclusion. SLE-related fatigue extends beyond physical exhaustion, encompassing cognitive and emotional depletion, while anxiety and depression further compound its effects. By integrating Paradox Theory and the Social Model of Disability, this research conceptualizes how competing workplace demands and structural barriers contribute to employment instability and reinforce exclusion. Methods: A qualitative research design is employed, drawing from in-depth narrative interviews with six individuals living with SLE in South Africa. Results: Two critical themes emerged from the study: pervasive fatigue and mental health cycles. The findings underscore the need for structural changes that shift responsibility from individuals managing their symptoms to workplaces creating adaptable environments. Conclusion: Addressing these issues is essential for reducing stigma, promoting inclusivity, and ensuring equitable employment opportunities for individuals with invisible disabilities.

Indexed as

Lupus Erythematosus, SystemicPersons with DisabilitiesWorkplaceAdultDisability DiscriminationEmploymentFatigueFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchSocial StigmaSouth Africainclusivityinvisible disabilityparadox theorysocial model of disabilitySystemic Lupus Erythematosus

Identifiers

PMID41988566
PMCPMC13076488

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.