Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41988224›Full record

ArticleJournal of experimental orthopaedics2026

Coronal knee alignment is directly related to knee medial-to-lateral bone density ratio.

Craig E Klinger, Robert E Bilodeau, Maximilian M Mueller, Peter K Sculco, Scott A Rodeo, Elizabeth B Gausden, Hollis G Potter, Emily M Stein, Kathryn A Barth, William M Ricci and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of experimental orthopaedics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Craig E KlingerDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0154-8276
Robert E BilodeauDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6650-3166
Maximilian M MuellerDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA.
Peter K SculcoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7050-5571
Scott A RodeoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0745-9880
Elizabeth B GausdenDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8596-3292
Hollis G PotterDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9111-6388
Emily M SteinDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA.
Kathryn A BarthDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA.
William M RicciDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6430-3316
Derek G HansenDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: To assess associations between coronal knee alignment and regional epiphyseal bone mineral density (BMD) using computed tomography (CT)-derived Hounsfield units (HU) and compare medial-to-lateral ratios (MLRs) across alignment groups, and as a secondary aim, to evaluate the association of sex and demographic factors with regional BMD patterns. Methods: A retrospective search (2008-2025) identified patients with non-contrast knee CT and standing anteroposterior long-leg radiographs. Exclusions included prior femur or tibia fracture or surgery and metabolic bone disease other than osteopenia or osteoporosis. Mean trabecular HU were measured for medial and lateral femoral condyles (MFC, LFC), distal femur epiphysis (DFE), medial and lateral tibial plateaus (MTP, LTP) and proximal tibia epiphysis (PTE). Outcomes included DFE-MLR (MFC/LFC), PTE-MLR (MTP/LTP) and combined-MLR ([MFC + MTP]/[LFC + LTP]). Alignment was categorized by hip-knee-ankle angle (HKAA) as major varus, varus, neutral, valgus or major valgus. Results: The cohort included 312 patients (mean age 66.5 ± 9.3 years; 50.6% female); 99.4% underwent CT for robotic-assisted arthroplasty planning. LFC HU exceeded MFC HU in 88.5% of cases ( Conclusions: Coronal knee alignment was strongly associated with compartmental epiphyseal BMD MLR, with lower MLR in valgus alignment and greater alignment sensitivity in females. These findings provide quantitative imaging context relevant to arthroplasty planning. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.

Indexed as

bone densitydistal femurhip–knee–ankle anglemedial‐to‐lateral ratioproximal tibia

Identifiers

PMID41988224
PMCPMC13078134

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.