Observational studySingapore medical journal2026
Performance of the Emergency Severity Index and Patient Acuity Category Scale in geriatric triage.
Observational study in Singapore medical journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Navigating the demographic tipping point: the past, present and future of Geriatric Emergency Medicine in Singapore.Singapore medical journal · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSingapore will become a 'super-aged' society by 2026, with an expected rise in geriatric emergency department (ED) attendances. Conventional triage tools such as the Patient Acuity Category Scale (PACS) and Emergency Severity Index (ESI) may not fully capture the complex presentations of older adults. This study compared the triage outcomes between geriatric and non-geriatric patients.
methodsA retrospective observational study was conducted in adult patients presenting to a tertiary ED between 1 February 2021 and May 2021. Patients were stratified into geriatric (age ≥65 years) and non-geriatric groups. Primary outcomes were ED length of stay (EDLOS) and hospital admission rates. Multivariable analyses were performed to adjust for confounders.
resultsOverall EDLOS was longer in geriatric than non-geriatric patients in both unadjusted (317.4 vs. 217.2 min, P < 0.05) and adjusted (300.2 vs. 224.1 min, P < 0.05) analyses. Admission rates were also higher in geriatric patients (75.1% vs. 33.2%, P < 0.001). Stratified analyses showed significantly longer EDLOS in older patients in PACS 2 (346.3 vs. 286.7 min, P < 0.001) and ESI 3 (353.4 vs. 281.2 min, P < 0.001). Admission rates were higher in PACS 1-3 and ESI 1-4, with the highest odds in ESI 1 (odds ratio [OR] 65.9) and PACS 1 (OR 28.3).
conclusionDespite being assigned to higher acuity, older adults had longer EDLOS and higher admission rates than younger adults within the same triage category. This highlights a mismatch between triage allocation and care needs, requiring enhanced geriatric-specific risk-stratification approaches.
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