Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41986987›Full record

ArticleDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association2026

Risk of progression to type 2 diabetes or regression to normoglycaemia among Ghanaians with prediabetes living in Ghana and the Netherlands: The RODAM prospective study.

Emmanuel Bannerman-Williams, Yacoba Atiase, Bert-Jan H van den Born, Felix Patience Chilunga, Eva van der Linden, Karlijn A C Meeks, Erik Beune, Charles Agyemang, Charles Frederick Hayfron-Benjamin

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Article in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Emmanuel Bannerman-WilliamsDepartment of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Yacoba AtiaseDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, National Diabetes Management & Research Center, Accra, Ghana.
Bert-Jan H van den BornDepartment of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Felix Patience ChilungaDepartment of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4083-001X
Eva van der LindenDepartment of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Karlijn A C MeeksDepartment of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Erik BeuneDepartment of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Charles AgyemangDepartment of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Charles Frederick Hayfron-BenjaminDepartment of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0175-0340

Funding

European Commission
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionEvidence shows that ethnicity affects the risk of progression of prediabetes to type 2 diabetes(T2D) or regression to normoglycaemia However, little is known about progression rates among sub-Saharan African populations or whether geographical context affects risk variations. We compared the risk of progression to T2D or regression to normoglycemia in West Africans with prediabetes living in Africa and their migrant compatriots living in Europe.

methodsWe analysed data from 615 Ghanaians with prediabetes at baseline (245 in Ghana/370 in Amsterdam) in the prospective RODAM cohort with an average follow-up of 6.7 years. Prediabetes was defined according to the WHO criteria. Incidence risk ratios for progression to T2D and regression to normoglycaemia were calculated with adjustment for age, sex, follow-up duration, socioeconomic status and baseline BMI and fasting plasma glucose.

resultsOverall, the cumulative incidences of T2D and normoglycaemia from prediabetes were 12.6% and 28.9%, respectively. While the proportions of individuals who progressed to T2D did not differ between non-migrants and migrants (16.0% vs. 10.9%, p-value = 0.108), the proportion who regressed to normoglycaemia was higher in non-migrants (51.5% vs. 17.1%, p < 0.001) with an incident risk ratio of 3.48 (95% CI 2.39-5.05, p < 0.001) in the fully adjusted model. However, the risk of progression of prediabetes to T2D remained similar in the two groups after full adjustment [1.20 (0.71-2.05), 0.498].

conclusionsAmong Ghanaians with prediabetes, regression to normoglycaemia was more frequent than progression to T2D, and more likely in non-migrants than in migrants. Future studies could identify factors underlying the higher rates of regression to normoglycaemia in non-migrants to improve outcomes in individuals with prediabetes.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Prediabetic StateAdultBlood GlucoseDisease ProgressionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGhanaHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNetherlandsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsWest African PeopleBlood Glucosemigrationprediabetes or intermediate hyperglycaemiasub‐Saharan Africanstype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41986987
PMCPMC13380350

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.