Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41986691›Full record

ReviewNature genetics2026

Challenges and future directions for Mendelian randomization.

Eleanor Sanderson, Michael G Levin, Venexia Walker, Shuai Yuan, Isabella Badini, Julia Dolce, Karina J Mahida, Ju-Woo Nho, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Scott M Damrauer and 2 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Eleanor SandersonMedical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. eleanor.sanderson@bristol.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5188-5775
Michael G LevinDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9937-9932
Venexia WalkerMedical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5064-446X
Shuai YuanCorporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-5627
Isabella BadiniDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3959-5908
Julia DolceDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Karina J MahidaDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-2263-0513
Ju-Woo NhoDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Jean-Baptiste PingaultDepartment of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2557-4716
Scott M DamrauerCorporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA. scott.damrauer@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8009-1632
Gibran HemaniMedical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. g.hemani@bristol.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0920-1055
Neil M DaviesDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK. neil.m.davies@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2460-0508

Funding

BLRD VA IK2 BX006551
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mendelian randomization has evolved from a niche methodology to a widely adopted research approach. In this Perspective, we briefly present a bibliometric analysis of the Mendelian randomization literature to inform a discussion of how Mendelian randomization studies are conducted and how they do not fully realize the potential of the data and techniques available to empirically examine the reliability of assumptions. We propose that future progress will depend on integrating empirical evidence from molecular, cellular, animal and quasi-experimental studies to assess its assumptions and causal claims. We also highlight how the shifting landscape of genetic and genomic data presents new challenges and opportunities for the Mendelian randomization framework, providing a deeper understanding of causal mechanisms.

Indexed as

Mendelian Randomization AnalysisAnimalsGenomicsHumans

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.