Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41986329›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Encoding of speech modes and loudness in ventral precentral gyrus.

Aparna Srinivasan, Maitreyee Wairagkar, Carrina Iacobacci, Xianda Hou, Nicholas S Card, Brandon G Jacques, Anna L Pritchard, Payton H Bechefsky, Leigh R Hochberg, Nicholas AuYong and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Aparna SrinivasanDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA. apsrini@ucdavis.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-9854-6948
Maitreyee WairagkarDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9546-2843
Carrina IacobacciDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Xianda HouDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-2066-8561
Nicholas S CardDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6858-268X
Brandon G JacquesWallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Anna L PritchardWallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2945-2927
Payton H BechefskyWallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Leigh R HochbergCenter for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0261-2273
Nicholas AuYongWallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7898-7832
Chethan PandarinathWallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
David M Brandman *Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA. dmbrandman@health.ucdavis.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3224-7019
Sergey D Stavisky *Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA. sstavisky@health.ucdavis.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5238-0573

Funding

Understanding and restoring speech production using an intracortical brain-computer interfaceDP2DC021055 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI STAVISKY, SERGEY · 2022 to 2025
$2.3M
NIDCD NIH HHS DP2 DC021055
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The ability to vary the mode and loudness of speech is an important part of the expressive range of human vocal communication. However, the encoding of these behaviors in the ventral precentral gyrus (vPCG) has not been studied at the resolution of neuronal firing rates. We investigated this in two participants who had intracortical microelectrode arrays implanted in their vPCG as part of a speech neuroprosthesis clinical trial. Neuronal firing rates modulated strongly in vPCG as a function of attempted mimed, whispered, normal or loud speech. At the neural ensemble level, mode/loudness and phonemic content were encoded in distinct neural subspaces. Attempted mode/loudness could be decoded from vPCG with 94% and 89% accuracy for the two participants, and corresponding neural preparatory activity at 640 ms and 270 ms before speech onset enabled 80% decoding accuracy, respectively. We then developed a closed-loop loudness decoder that achieved 94% online accuracy in modulating a brain-to-text speech neuroprosthesis output based on attempted loudness. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of decoding mode and loudness from vPCG, paving the way for speech neuroprostheses capable of synthesizing more expressive speech.

Indexed as

Frontal LobeLoudness PerceptionSpeechSpeech PerceptionAdultElectrodes, ImplantedFemaleHumansMaleMicroelectrodesNeurons

Identifiers

PMID41986329
PMCPMC13270037

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.