ArticleEpilepsy research2026
Parental miscarried helping, self-efficacy, and treatment adherence among adolescents and young adults with epilepsy: A mediation model.
Article in Epilepsy research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAdherence to anti-seizure medications (ASMs) is critical for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with epilepsy to achieve optimal health outcomes. Studies show that self-efficacy and parental involvement may influence adherence behaviors. This study examined whether self-efficacy mediates the relationship between parental miscarried helping, a form of overinvolved or misdirected caregiving, and ASM adherence in AYAs with epilepsy.
methodsIn this cross-sectional, multi-site study, 45 AYAs with epilepsy and their caregivers completed reliable self-report measures assessing self-efficacy, parental miscarried helping, and treatment adherence. Participants also provided demographic and medical information. Seizure severity was rated by healthcare providers. A mediation analysis using PROCESS Macro tested whether self-efficacy mediated the relationship between parental miscarried helping and treatment adherence.
resultsThe hypothesized mediation model was not supported. However, lower levels of miscarried helping were associated with higher treatment adherence (B = -0.12, t(32) = -2.72, p = 0.01). Additionally, higher self-efficacy was significantly correlated with greater treatment adherence, and greater seizure severity was associated with lower self-efficacy and treatment adherence. DISCUSSION: While self-efficacy did not mediate the relationship between parental miscarried helping and treatment adherence, the significant direct association between these variables highlights the impact of parenting behaviors on epilepsy self-management. Findings underscore the importance of supporting both parental involvement and adolescent autonomy as AYAs develop the skills to manage epilepsy independently.
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