In one paragraphArticle in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registryThe trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
3 · Its place in the literatureWho cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
4 · The recordCorrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
22 authors.
Ya HuangState Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0965-8226 Zhenlin ChenDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2100-1363 Jingkun ZhouDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5394-4388 Huiling JiaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Lung ChowDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5670-1031 Shengxin JiaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6998-3872 Binbin ZhangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8796-2592 Faheem ErshadDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3353-9606 Shubham PatelMaterials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0046-9031 Chun Ki YiuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3841-5327 Yuyu GaoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2000-5410 Qiang ZhangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2707-0258 Xingcan HuangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4210-2470 Jian LiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9768-0932 Kuanming YaoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8744-8892 Guangyao ZhaoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5664-4898 Peining ChenState Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0566-1660 Huisheng PengState Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2142-2945 Dong SunDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3945-4037 Cunjiang YuDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0155-0368 Xinge YuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0522-1171 Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
Simultaneous electromyography (EMG) sensing and closed-loop electrical stimulation (ES) could enable interactive muscle training, motor rehabilitation, and kinesthetic feedback. However, current systems often suffer from nonconformal device/skin interfaces, poor wearability, and anatomical variability among users, limiting signal fidelity and stimulation precision. Here, we present a fully wireless, skin-integrated electronic tattoo platform that records high-quality EMG and delivers closed-loop ES through custom drawn-on-skin, conformal electrodes with strong adhesion and high spatial accuracy. The system supports closed-loop muscle interactions across body regions and even between individuals. Machine learning models classify EMG patterns from different hand gestures with >90% accuracy and adapt ES parameters to stimulate specific muscle groups. In a heavy object holding task, users reached the required grip behavior substantially faster than unassisted controls, indicating improved neuromuscular efficiency. This closed-loop framework not only supports personalized muscle control but also supports coordinated activation across multiple sites or users, unlocking possibilities in interactive motor training, remote rehabilitation, and virtual reality environments.
Indexed as
Electric StimulationElectromyographyMuscle, SkeletalTattooingHumansMachine LearningSkin
Identifiers
PMID41984945
PMCPMC13082325
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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