Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41984224›Full record

ArticleVirchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology2026

Anti-NMDAR encephalitis in a patient with possible IgG4-related hypertrophic pachymeningitis: a case report.

Ennio Polilli, Sergio Ferrari, Annalisa Di Risio, Sara Mariotto, Alice Parisi, Giancarlo Di Iorio, Paola Volpe, Raffaele Zicolella, Caterina Di Carmine, Maria Vittoria De Angelis and 1 more

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Article in Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Ennio PolilliClinical Pathology Unit, Pescara General Hospital, Via Fonte Romana, 8, 65124, Pescara (PE), Italy. en.polilli@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-5182
Sergio FerrariDepartment of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Annalisa Di RisioClinical Pathology Unit, Pescara General Hospital, Via Fonte Romana, 8, 65124, Pescara (PE), Italy.
Sara MariottoDepartment of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Alice ParisiDepartment of Pathology & Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Giancarlo Di IorioClinical Pathology Unit, Pescara General Hospital, Via Fonte Romana, 8, 65124, Pescara (PE), Italy.
Paola VolpeRheumatology Unit, Pescara General Hospital, Pescara, Italy.
Raffaele ZicolellaRheumatology Unit, Pescara General Hospital, Pescara, Italy.
Caterina Di CarmineStroke Unit and Emergency Neurology, Pescara General Hospital, Pescara, Italy.
Maria Vittoria De AngelisStroke Unit and Emergency Neurology, Pescara General Hospital, Pescara, Italy.
Pierluigi ToccoStroke Unit and Emergency Neurology, Pescara General Hospital, Pescara, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

IgG4-related hypertrophic pachymeningitis (IgG4-HP) may coexist with autoimmune diseases, malignancies, or infectious diseases. We describe a case of a patient with both possible IgG4-HP and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) disease. A 67-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency department due to persistent speech difficulties. An MRI scan of her brain showed diffuse T1-isointense contrast enhancement. High IgG4 concentrations were found in the serum and CSF, and NMDAR antibodies were detected in the CSF. A dura biopsy showed lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells. She was treated with intravenous corticosteroid therapy for five days but was referred to us again approximately one month later due to psychosis and behavioral changes. Corticosteroid therapy was started again, improving her condition. The implications of the coexistence of possible IgG4-HP and anti-NMDAR disease are unclear. An accurate diagnosis of both conditions is needed to avoid suboptimal control of the clinical course. Close collaboration between the involved professionals is warranted.

Indexed as

Anti-NMDAR encephalitisAutoimmune encephalitisHypertrophic pachymeningitisIgG4-related disease

Identifiers

PMID41984224

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.