Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41984122›Full record

ArticleSaudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society2026

Optimization and evaluation of different fast acting tablet formulations containing bisoprolol fumarate.

Mohamed Abbas Ibrahim, Sultan Khalaf Almutairi, Gamal Mohamed Mahrous

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Mohamed Abbas IbrahimDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. mhamoudah@ksu.edu.sa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7535-5453
Sultan Khalaf AlmutairiDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Gamal Mohamed MahrousDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

King Saud University ORF-2025-171
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to develop and evaluate orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) and sublingual tablets (SLTs) containing Bisoprolol fumarate (BF) to enhance the onset of action and provided rapid relief of these cardiovascular diseases. For ODTs, experimental design was used to evaluate the effect of different independent factors on dissolution efficiency (DE%), disintegration time (DT), and hardness. Two independent variables, namely superdisintegrant concentration (crospovidone; CPV; X1) and taste masking agent concentration (Eudragit E100; X2) were selected to study their impact on the attributes of the BF ODTs. For SLTs, super disintegrant concentration (X1) and mixing time (X2) were selected to study their impact on SLTs attributes, as in the case of ODTs. The optimized ODTs formula (based on 8.3% CPV and 3.7% Eudragit) showed DE% of 85%, disintegration time (DT) of 39.3 s, and hardness of 2.55 Kp. Moreover, the optimized SLTs formula (based on 9.26% CPV and 16.2 min mixing time) showed DE% of 92%, DT was 35 s and hardness was 3.6 Kp. The optimized formula was compressed into an ODT and SLTs and studied according to USP criteria. All tablet examinations (Friability, Hardness, Disintegration Time, Drug Content, and Weight Variation) were within the accepted values and showed a high stability after six months of storage under accelerated conditions. The obtained results of the current study verified the efficacious formulation of BF as ODTs and SLTs to improve the onset of action and convalesce patient compliance in managing hypertension and arrhythmia.

Indexed as

Bisoprolol fumarateOptimizationOrally disintegrating tabletsStabilitySublingual tablets

Identifiers

PMID41984122
PMCPMC13083709

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.