Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41983440›Full record

ArticleZoological research2026

Geographic and genetic factors shape acoustic divergence and dialect-like variation in communication calls in the greater horseshoe bats.

Kang-Kang Zhang, Hong-Wei Wang, Hong-Jun Lin, Guan-Jun Lu, Xiao-Bin Huang, Tong Liu, Walter Metzner, Jiang Feng, Ying Liu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Zoological research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kang-Kang ZhangJilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China.
Hong-Wei WangJilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China.
Hong-Jun LinJilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China.
Guan-Jun LuCollege of Geographic Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130032, China.
Xiao-Bin HuangYunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China.
Tong LiuCollege of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China.
Walter MetznerDepartment of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, 621 Charles Edward Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-7246, USA. E-mail: metzner@g.ucla.edu.
Jiang FengJilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China.
Ying LiuJilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acoustic divergence is a fundamental component of signal-based communication in animals, including humans, and has major implications for individual recognition, mate choice, and speciation. Bats have recently become an important model system for investigating acoustic communication due to their structurally complex vocal repertoires. This study explored communication calls of greater horseshoe bats (

Indexed as

ChiropteraVocalization, AnimalAcousticsAnimal DistributionAnimalsGenetic VariationAcoustic divergenceBatsCommunication callsDialectsDriving forcesGeographic variation

Identifiers

PMID41983440
PMCPMC13425401

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.