Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41983379›Full record

ArticleNursing in critical care2026

Determination of the Minimum Discard Volume in the Extraction of Blood Samples Through Arterial Catheters in Critical Patients.

Patricia Morales Fernández, Francisco Javier Castro Olmo, Sara González-Martín, Miguel Serrano Hernández, Manuel Quintana Díaz, Víctor Aceña Gil, Estefani Martínez-Chávez, Belén Fernández-Puntero

Abstract read
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Article in Nursing in critical care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Patricia Morales FernándezBurn Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Paz, Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1063-8278
Francisco Javier Castro OlmoBurn Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Paz, Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-8358
Sara González-MartínFaculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5862-2943
Miguel Serrano HernándezBurn Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Paz, Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7039-6594
Manuel Quintana DíazDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Universitario de La Paz, Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4852-4148
Víctor Aceña GilData Science Laboratory, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-2150
Estefani Martínez-ChávezClinical Analysis Service, Hospital Universitario de La Paz, Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-9730
Belén Fernández-PunteroClinical Analysis Service, Hospital Universitario de La Paz, Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1603-411X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe critically ill patient requires multiple extractions through catheters, implying a substantial blood loss. The discard method continues to be a commonly used method in Intensive Care Units. However, there is no homogeneity in practice.

aimDetermine the minimum blood discard volume to obtain samples through radial arterial catheter. STUDY

designQuasi-experimental, prospective, cross-sectional study employing the STOBE checklist. Four consecutive arterial blood gases were performed considering the flush volume (sample A with 1 dead space discarding 1 mL, sample B with 2 discard space [2 mL], sample C with 3 discard space [3 mL] and control with 4 discard space [4 mL]). The study was approved by the Ethics and Pharmacological Research Committee of the Research Institute of La paz Hospital (Law No. 2023.564). It was conducted in the Burn Intensive Care Unit and the Resuscitation and Critical Care Unit of La Paz Hospital from September 2023 to June 2024.

resultsWe found values outside the Clinical Acceptance Interval (CAI) in sample A versus control in pCO

conclusionsThe volume of discard required to obtain valid values is twice the volume used to purge the arterial catheterization system (2 mL) for obtaining samples for clinical use. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The calculation of the minimum amount of discard in the collection of blood samples through the arterial catheter is an intervention at no extra cost that will reduce iatrogenic anaemia, reducing the need for transfusions, the complications associated with this therapy and the reduction of costs in critically ill patients.

Indexed as

Blood Specimen CollectionCatheterization, PeripheralCritical IllnessBlood Gas AnalysisCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIntensive Care UnitsMaleMiddle AgedProspective Studies

Identifiers

PMID41983379
PMCPMC13080758

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.