ArticleTranslational lung cancer research2026
A novel maximum wall thickness (Tmax) category for cystic lung adenocarcinomas: a retrospective study focusing on pathological invasiveness and prognosis.
Article in Translational lung cancer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Cystic lung adenocarcinoma (CLA) is a major subtype of cystic lung cancer (CLC). Clinical T staging for CLA is ambiguous due to cystic components. This issue impedes precise assessment. Previous research has confirmed the significant predictive value of cystic morphology. This study explores a new category for better CLA prognostic stratification, aiding precision treatment. Methods: Diagnosed CLAs were classified into preinvasive (adenocarcinoma in situ, or minimally invasive adenocarcinoma) and invasive adenocarcinomas. Radiologic analysis focused on cystic-airspace features. Logistic and Cox regression were used to identify independent risk factors for pathological invasiveness and prognosis. A novel category incorporating maximum wall thickness (Tmax) was proposed, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis validated this approach. Results: A total of 219 patients were included in the study. Pleural traction [odds ratio (OR) =4.76] and Tmax (OR =62.03) were independent risk factors for pathological invasiveness of CLAs. Irregular cystic morphology [hazard ratio (HR) =3.77] and Tmax (HR =7.39) were independent prognostic factors for CLAs. Multiloculation (HR =0.38) was associated with a potential protective effect. A novel Tmax category was first proposed: Tmax① ≤0.5 cm; 0.5 cm < Tmax② ≤1.0 cm; 1.0 cm < Tmax③ ≤1.3 cm; Tmax④ >1.3 cm. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated highly significant prognostic stratification in 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) across Tmax subgroups. Conclusions: The Tmax variable will serve as the most critical indicator for evaluating the invasiveness and prognosis of CLAs. A novel Tmax category has been established. Its predictive model effectively reflects pathological invasiveness and prognostic outcomes in patients. This Tmax category is proven beneficial for clinical surgeons in conducting staged diagnoses and other applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.