ArticleCureus2026
Socio-Economic Factors Predicting Dental-Related Admissions in a Pediatric Population in the United States: Findings From the National Kids' Inpatient Database.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo describe the trend of dental-related admissions from 2000 to 2019 in pediatric populations and to investigate socio-economic factors predicting dental-related admissions in this cohort.
methodsThe national multicentre Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) data were utilized from 2000 to 2019 for this study. Dental-related admissions were identified by scanning diagnosis fields DX1 through DX2 for International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9-CM years and I10_DX1 through I10_DX40 for ICD-10-CM years. A binary outcome variable was created to flag any hospitalization with a dental-related diagnosis in any listed diagnosis position. While this approach maximizes capture of dental-related admissions, we acknowledge that inclusion of secondary diagnosis fields may introduce some degree of misclassification, as dental diagnoses in non-primary positions may not always represent the principal reason for hospitalization. This is noted as a study limitation. Statistical Analysis System (SAS) 9.4 was used for all the statistical analyses for this complex sample design.
resultsAmong a total of 21,497,670 pediatric hospital admissions from 2000 to 2019, dental-related admissions were 2.7 cases per 1,000 pediatric admissions. The average admission rates were stable over the years, but an increasing trend (3.3% to 5.8%) was seen for the children aged 5-10 years. Among the top 10 causes of dental-related hospital admissions, periapical abscess was the most common, followed by maxillary hypoplasia. A statistically significant upward trend was found in the admission rate due to periapical abscesses and maxillary hypoplasia. In contrast, a declining trend was noted in jaw-cranial base diseases and maxillary hyperplasia anomalies.
conclusionPediatric dental-related hospital admissions increased over time, driven by preventable conditions such as periapical abscesses. Differences in hospitalization risk by socio-demographic variables suggest that barriers to access timely preventive and specialty dental care may contribute to avoidable inpatient admissions.
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