ArticleJGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology2026
Frequency, Predictive Factors, and Burden of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.
Article in JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Aim: Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are common in diabetes, but their prevalence and impact in Asian adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remain unclear. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of diabetes patients from a primary care clinic and a diabetes specialized clinic from this institution was conducted. Demographic and clinical data were obtained using validated questionnaires and electronic medical records. Results: Among 297 patients, 245 (82.5%) reported GI symptoms, 207 (69.7%) had upper GI symptoms and 183 (61.6%) had lower GI symptoms. Anxiety and depression were identified in 11.4% and 8.1% of patients, respectively. Women had a two-fold increased risk of upper GI symptoms (aOR 2.02; 95% CI 1.22-3.33; Conclusion: GI symptoms are very frequent in Asian patients with diabetes, increasing the burden on healthcare utilization. They appear to be influenced by demographic and psychological factors more than the underlying DM per se.
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