Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41982009›Full record

ReviewTrends in parasitology2026

Environmental factors that regulate host-helminth interactions.

Eric Y Helm, Tighe Christopher, Alejandra Lopez Espinoza, Natalie Santillano, Elia D Tait Wojno

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Trends in parasitology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Eric Y HelmUniversity of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Tighe ChristopherUniversity of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Alejandra Lopez EspinozaUniversity of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Natalie SantillanoUniversity of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Elia D Tait WojnoUniversity of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: etwojno@uw.edu.

Funding

Role of the prostaglandin D2 receptor CRTH2 in helminth-induced type 2 inflammation in the intestine.R01AI130379 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Elia D Tait Wojno · 2017 to 2026
$3.5M
Prostaglandin D2 and its receptor CRTH2 regulate intestinal inflammation and homeostasisR01DK134410 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Elia D Tait Wojno · 2023 to 2026
$2.0M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI130379NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK134410
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) infect over a billion people worldwide. Individual outcomes vary, ranging from subclinical, mild infections to recurrent or severe disease. Emerging evidence reveals that susceptibility to STH infection reflects a multilayered integration of past and present environmental factors. At mucosal surfaces, STHs activate type 2 immune, epithelial, and neuronal circuits, while microbial- and diet-derived signals promote homeostasis. Environmental signals tune the transcriptional programs that control these events, shaping interleukin-13-driven effector functions required for worm expulsion. Concurrently, infection and inflammation history imprint immune and epithelial compartments, leading to durable epigenetic remodeling and altering responsiveness to STHs upon reexposure. Understanding how environmental factors impact host-helminth interactions offers new opportunities to predict susceptibility and design interventions that enhance anti-helminth immunity.

Indexed as

EnvironmentHelminthiasisHelminthsHost-Parasite InteractionsAnimalsDisease SusceptibilityHumansanemianeuronal–immune axissoil-transmitted helminthtrained immunitytype 2 immunity

Identifiers

PMID41982009
PMCPMC13205496

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.