SynthesisEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2026
Efficacy and safety of different pharmacological interventions in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesThe aim of this study is to indirectly compare and rank the different drugs that have been studied in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in patients with tardive dyskinesia (TD) in terms of their efficacy in ameliorating the symptoms of TD and safety.
designA network meta-analysis and a systematic review was registered prospectively on PROSPERO under the ID: CRD42023407823 and was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-NMA guidelines. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Scopus, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched to identify relevant records. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: Any parallel randomized blinded controlled clinical trials that studied the use of any medications in treating TD and assessed the symptoms using a functional scale that has been previously validated. DATA EXTRACTION: The standardized mean difference of improvement along with the reported adverse events for each drug were extracted from each trial and a network meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model.
resultsOne thousand eight hundred seventeen patients in 33 RCTs were included in the analysis. Twenty-three different drugs were compared to placebo in terms of reduction in TD symptoms. Among these, Insulin (SMD = -2.16, 95%CI = [ -3.62; -0.69]), vitamin E (-1.18, [-1.69; -0.68]), and valbenazine 80 mg (SMD = -0.77, 95%CI = [ -1.48; -0.07]) significantly reduced TD symptoms in comparison to placebo, while deutetrabenazine 36 mg (-0.53, [-1.52; 0.47]) and reserpine (-0.97, [-2.29; 0.36]) were not found to be significant in reducing the symptoms. Some serious adverse events were reported for valbenazine and deutetrabenazine, which included mainly psychiatric symptoms such as depression, worsening of schizophrenia and suicidal ideation, while mild adverse events were reported for other drugs, their incidence in the treatment arms were comparable to those in the placebo arm.
conclusionsLow-certainty evidence suggests that insulin, vitamin E, and valbenazine 80 mg may reduce TD symptoms. However, the significant side effects of valbenazine should prompt further investigation of alternative treatment modalities.
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