Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41980176›Full record

Trial reportAddiction (Abingdon, England)2026

The Opioid Safety Toolkit: An interactive prescription opioid safety toolkit to increase opioid safety literacy and behaviours among people prescribed opioids for pain-a randomised controlled trial.

Suzanne Nielsen, Frederick Fox, Tina Lam, Alex Waddell, Monica Jung, Bosco Rowland, Jessica Watterson, Dhruv Basur, Chris Prawira, Joshua Paolo Seguin and 4 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Suzanne NielsenMonash Addiction Research Centre (MARC), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5341-1055
Frederick FoxMonash Addiction Research Centre (MARC), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1111-5435
Tina LamMonash Addiction Research Centre (MARC), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4902-7293
Alex WaddellAction Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Monica JungMonash Addiction Research Centre (MARC), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6458-1279
Bosco RowlandMonash Addiction Research Centre (MARC), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Jessica WattersonAction Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Dhruv BasurAction Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Chris PrawiraAction Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Joshua Paolo SeguinAction Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Patrick OlivierAction Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Jarrod McMaughPharmaceutical Society of Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Paul DietzeBurnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Louisa PiccoMonash Addiction Research Centre (MARC), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-3209

Funding

Australian Government-Department of Health and Aged CareNational Health and Medical Research Council 2016909National Health and Medical Research Council 2025894
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsPrescription opioid-related harm remains a significant public health concern. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the Opioid Safety Toolkit, a co-designed, interactive online resource, in increasing naloxone uptake and healthcare provider discussions among adults prescribed opioids for pain.

designParallel-group, open-label, randomised controlled trial.

settingCommunity-based, online recruitment across Australia.

participantsAdults (n = 314) prescribed opioids for non-cancer pain.

interventionsParticipants were randomised to receive either the Opioid Safety Toolkit (intervention, n = 152), which included interactive and tailored educational content on opioid safety, or an active control website presenting evidence-based opioid safety information (n = 162). Both groups were followed for four weeks. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was self-reported naloxone requests four weeks post-intervention. Other outcomes were intentions to access naloxone immediately post-intervention, and healthcare provider discussions about opioid safety at four weeks, opioid safety knowledge (immediately after the intervention and at four weeks), satisfaction with resources and naloxone possession at four weeks.

findingsParticipants in the intervention group were more likely to have requested naloxone at four weeks compared with controls [21.7% vs 9.9%, odds ratio (OR) = 2.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.3, 4.8; P = 0.005], and more likely to report intentions to access naloxone immediately post-intervention compared with controls (41.4% vs 15.4%, OR = 3.9, 95% CI = 2.3, 6.6; P < 0.001). Participants in the intervention group were not more likely to have healthcare provider discussions at four weeks compared with controls (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.7, 1.8; P = 0.620). Post-intervention opioid overdose knowledge was statistically significantly higher in the intervention group compared with control group (Mean score 16.6, 95% CI = 15.5, 17.7 vs control mean score 13.3, 95% CI = 12.3, 14.3). Satisfaction with the resource was higher in the intervention group compared with control group (Mean = 20.0, 95% CI = 18.7, 21.3 vs Mean = 18.0, 95% CI = 16.7, 19.3, P = 0.035).

conclusionsWe found good evidence that, compared with a gold-standard opioid information website, the Opioid Safety Toolkit increased naloxone requests among Australian adults prescribed opioids for non-cancer pain. We also observed consistent effects across secondary outcomes, with the Toolkit increasing intentions to access naloxone, enhancing opioid overdose knowledge and yielding higher satisfaction ratings, although it did not increase healthcare provider discussions at four weeks.

Indexed as

Analgesics, OpioidHealth LiteracyNaloxoneNarcotic AntagonistsPainPatient Education as TopicAdultAustraliaFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansMaleMiddle AgedOpioid-Related DisordersAnalgesics, OpioidNaloxoneNarcotic Antagonistsbehavioural sciencebehaviour changehealth literacyimplementation sciencenaloxoneopioid safetyRCT

Identifiers

PMID41980176
PMCPMC13357895

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.