Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41980086›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2026

Enhancer-directed gene delivery for digit regeneration based on conserved epidermal factors.

David A Brown, Katja K Koll, Erin Brush, Grant Darner, Timothy Curtis, Thomas Dvergsten, Melissa Tran, Colleen Milligan, David W Wolfson, Trevor J Gonzalez and 14 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

David A BrownDivision of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0009-0005-9805-0632
Katja K KollDivision of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.
Erin BrushSchool of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.
Grant DarnerSchool of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0000-0003-0858-1850
Timothy CurtisDivision of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.
Thomas DvergstenSchool of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0000-0002-4562-2706
Melissa TranSchool of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.
Colleen MilliganDivision of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.
David W WolfsonDepartment of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0000-0003-3850-3925
Trevor J GonzalezDepartment of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.
Sydney JeffsSchool of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0000-0002-1761-8566
Alyssa EhrhardtDivision of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.
Rochelle BitolasSchool of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0009-0002-3662-6745
Madeleine LandauDivision of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0009-0007-7315-8326
Kendall ReitzSchool of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0009-0001-2500-5786
David S SalvenSchool of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0000-0002-5618-3446
Leslie A Slota-BurttDepartment of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710.
Isabel SneeSchool of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007.
Elena Singer-FreemanDepartment of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109.ORCID 0009-0005-7256-2971
Sayuri BhatiaDuke University, Durham, NC 27710.
Jianhong OuDepartment of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0000-0002-8652-2488
Aravind AsokanDepartment of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0000-0001-5563-4877
Joshua D CurrieDepartment of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109.ORCID 0000-0001-7402-4265
Kenneth D PossDepartment of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0000-0002-6743-5709

Funding

Determinants of AAV TropismR01HL089221 · NHLBI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Aravind Asokan · 2009 to 2026
$8.1M
Dissecting AAV silencing in humanized miceR01DK134408 · NIDDK · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Aravind Asokan, Karl-Dimiter Bissig · 2023 to 2026
$2.4M
Gene therapy methods for enhancing limb regeneration based on conserved transcriptional programsR01HD115266 · NICHD · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI David Andrew Brown, KENNETH D POSS · 2024 to 2026
$2.4M
Genetic engineering of kidney allografts by ex vivo perfusion delivery of adeno-associated viral vectorsU01AI170064 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Aravind Asokan, Andrew Serghios Barbas · 2022 to 2026
$2.4M
Regulation of Appendage Regeneration in ZebrafishR01HD105033 · NICHD · MORGRIDGE INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH, INC. · PI POSS, KENNETH D · 2021 to 2025
$2.0M
Genetic approaches to skin regeneration in zebrafishK08AR074529 · NIAMS · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI BROWN, DAVID ANDREW · 2020 to 2024
$828k
Interrogating mechanisms of limb regeneration using a viral toolbox for molecular gain- and loss-of-functionR21HD119496 · NICHD · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY · PI CURRIE, JOSHUA · 2025 to 2025
$390k
Dissecting the dynamics of vertebrate brain regenerationF32HD103376 · NICHD · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI SLOTA-BURTT, LESLIE · 2020 to 2022
$129k
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) 547486810HHS | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) F32HD103376HHS | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) R01HD105033HHS | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) R01HD115266HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) R01HL089221HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) U01AI170064HHS | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) K08AR074529HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) R01DK134408NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL089221NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI170064NIAMS NIH HHS K08 AR074529NICHD NIH HHS F32 HD103376NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD105033NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD115266NICHD NIH HHS R21 HD119496NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK134408
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Limb loss remains a significant clinical challenge, but regenerative medicine approaches such as gene therapy offer a promising strategy to trigger endogenous regeneration programs. Optimal vector configurations and molecular targets for appendicular skeletal repair are not well defined. Here, we leveraged insights from species with a high endogenous capacity for appendage regeneration to design an enhancer-directed gene delivery platform that functions during mouse digit regeneration, a well-characterized model for partial limb regeneration in mammals. Single-cell RNA sequencing of zebrafish caudal fin regeneration, combined with expression data in regenerating salamander limbs and mouse digit tips, implicated the SP family of transcription factors as conserved, epidermally expressed mediators of appendage regrowth. Null mutants of

Indexed as

Enhancer Elements, GeneticEpidermisExtremitiesGene Transfer TechniquesRegenerationAnimal FinsAnimalsFibroblast Growth Factor 8Genetic TherapyMiceTranscription FactorsZebrafishFibroblast Growth Factor 8Transcription FactorsAAVgene expressionregenerationtranscription factorwound epidermis

Identifiers

PMID41980086
PMCPMC13123902

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.