Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41979716›Full record

ArticleEJNMMI physics2026

Parametric analysis of dynamic long axial field-of-view

Charlotte L C Smith, Gerben J C Zwezerijnen, Marijke E den Hollander, Henricus N J M Greuter, Nienke R Gerards, Josée Zijlstra, C Willemien Menke-van der Houven van Oordt, Idris Bahce, Maqsood Yaqub, Ronald Boellaard

Abstract read
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Article in EJNMMI physics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Charlotte L C SmithDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. c.l.c.smith@amsterdamumc.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-8558-4872
Gerben J C ZwezerijnenDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Marijke E den HollanderDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Henricus N J M GreuterDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Nienke R GerardsDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Josée ZijlstraCancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
C Willemien Menke-van der Houven van OordtCancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Idris BahceCancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Maqsood YaqubDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Ronald BoellaardDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLarge-axial field of view (LAFOV) PET/CT systems have improved whole-body dynamic 18F-FDG imaging, enabling improved quantitative assessment of tracer kinetics. While non-linear regression (NLR) models remain the most unbiased approach, voxel-wise implementation can suffer from convergence problems, resulting in increased uncertainties. Parametric methods such as Patlak, Generalized Patlak (gPatlak), basis function method irreversible (BFM-I), and basis function method reversible (BFM-R) offer alternatives for estimating parametric Ki and, if applicable, K1 values. This study aims to determine the most suitable parametric approach for quantifying 18F-FDG kinetics in various healthy organs and tumour lesions using a LAFOV PET/CT system.

methodsThirteen patients with malignancies underwent 70-minute dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT scans on a LAFOV PET/CT system after receiving an intravenous bolus injection of 3.0 MBq/kg. First, the data were split on preference for irreversible (2T3k) or reversible (2T4k) kinetics. Ki from Patlak (t* = 30 min) and BFM-I (t* = 0 min) were compared with those derived from the 2T3k model. Ki from gPatlak (t* = 10 min) and BFM-R (t* = 0 min) were compared with those obtained with 2T4k. Ki and K1 values were extracted from the brain, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, upper leg muscle, and up to three tumour lesions per patient.

resultsThe liver, myocardium, lungs, and muscle favoured the irreversible 2T3k model, while preferences for the kidney, brain, spleen, and tumour lesions varied across patients. For organs preferring irreversible kinetics, BFM-I (R = 0.99) outperformed Patlak (R = 0.97) in Ki agreement with the 2T3k model. For reversible kinetics, BFM-R (R = 0.95) showed better correspondence compared to gPatlak (R = 0.90) with the 2T4k model. K1 obtained by BFM-I and BFM-R also strongly correlated with those derived from compartment models.

conclusionsLAFOV PET/CT systems enable accurate whole-body kinetic modelling of 18F-FDG uptake. BFM-I and BFM-R demonstrated the highest agreement with the compartment models and are recommended when full dynamic PET scans are feasible, offering accurate Ki as well as K1 estimations across healthy organs and tumour lesions.

Indexed as

18F-FDGDynamic PET imagingKinetic modellingLAFOV PET/CTParametric analysis

Identifiers

PMID41979716
PMCPMC13187087

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.