ReviewMaedica2026
Urinary Tract Infections in Children - Microbiological Challenges and Mechanisms of Bacterial Resistance.
Review in Maedica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common both in adults and particularly in children. It is estimated that the number of UTI cases has reached 4.49 billions in 2021, while common and often successfully treated with antibiotics UTIs pose the risk for sepsis, kidney complications and occurrence of antibiotic-resistant microbial strains. Symptoms of UTIs in children vary from non-specific, such as fever and lethargy, to specific such as difficult voiding, dysuria and suprapubic, abdominal or lumbar pain. Urinary tract infections may be lower (cystitis) or upper (pyelonephritis) and the etiological diagnosis is based on urinalysis and urine culture. There are several resistance mechanisms that commonly occur across different bacterial species (some of them being found in the same family) responsible for pediatric UTIs. For instance, an extensive mechanism of resistance is the production of beta-lactamase. Gram-negative bacilli may also develop polymyxin resistance; Staphylococcus aureus may become methicillin resistant and vancomycin resistance may appear in both S. aureus and Enterococcus spp. The present review presents the mechanisms of resistance of bacteria involved in UTIs in children.
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