Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41977957›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Determination of Finger Optical Properties Using an Integrating Sphere.

Markus Wagner, Benedikt Beutel, Peter Naglic, Oliver Fugger, Florian Foschum, Alwin Kienle

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Markus WagnerFaculty of Natural Sciences, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.ORCID 0009-0007-4283-4299
Benedikt BeutelFaculty of Natural Sciences, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.
Peter NaglicInstitute for Laser Technologies in Medicine and Metrology at the University of Ulm, Helmholtzstr. 12, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.
Oliver FuggerInstitute for Laser Technologies in Medicine and Metrology at the University of Ulm, Helmholtzstr. 12, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.
Florian FoschumInstitute for Laser Technologies in Medicine and Metrology at the University of Ulm, Helmholtzstr. 12, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.ORCID 0009-0004-3069-715X
Alwin KienleFaculty of Natural Sciences, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Integrating sphere measurements are a well-established method for determining the optical properties of planar samples. In this study, the approach was expanded from slab geometry to cylindrical geometry illuminating the cylinder barrel, thereby demonstrating its applicability for determining the optical properties of human fingers. By adapting existing integrating sphere theory to cylindrical samples, the method was systematically validated using phantoms and subsequently applied to human fingers. It has been demonstrated that the absorption coefficient μa and the reduced scattering coefficient μs' of cylindrical and 3D finger phantoms can be determined with a high degree of agreement to those of slab phantoms. Moreover, this approach facilitates the quantification of tissue components in human fingers, including fat, water and collagen content, total haemoglobin concentration and tissue oxygenation.

Indexed as

FingersCollagenHemoglobinsHumansOxygenPhantoms, ImagingCollagenHemoglobinsOxygencylinderfinger phantomintegrating sphereoptical propertiesoxygenationsiliconetissue components

Identifiers

PMID41977957
PMCPMC13074955

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.