ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Supercapacitor Model with Charge-Dependent Parameters Based on Experimental Frequency Response.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
The characterization of supercapacitors (SCs), particularly electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), is useful for the design of energy management systems. This article presents a five-parameter dynamic model based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data. Unlike conventional fixed-parameter models, this study explores an approach that accounts for voltage dependence. The model was evaluated using four commercial 58-farad SCs over a frequency range of 10 mHz to 300 kHz and at voltages ranging from 6.25% to 93.75% of the nominal value. The results show that the parameters vary with the state of charge; for example, the effective capacitance increased by up to 24% when moving from 6.25% to 50% of the nominal voltage. The model, fitted using nonlinear optimization algorithms, has a mean square percentage error (MSPE) of less than 3%. This approach estimates the dynamic behavior of the SCs, facilitating the simulation and tuning of management and protection strategies.
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