Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41977280›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Age-Related Changes as the Primary Driver of Pineal Gland Involution-A Morphological Study in Health and Disease.

Olga Junemann, Dmitry Otlyga, Inna Bukreeva, Sergey Saveliev

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Olga JunemannInstitute of Nanotechnology-CNR (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche), Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5828-5393
Dmitry OtlygaAvtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 117418 Moscow, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-6719-3383
Inna BukreevaInstitute of Nanotechnology-CNR (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche), Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1483-4965
Sergey SavelievAvtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 117418 Moscow, Russia.

Funding

The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation: FURG-2025-0031 FURG-2025-0031
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The human pineal gland (PG) undergoes structural and cellular changes during the aging process, yet the underlying patterns and mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we analyzed the lobular architecture and astrocytic network of the PG and identified two distinct pathways associated with normal aging. The first is characterized by an increase in astrocyte number within the pineal parenchyma, suggesting a compensatory role in supporting pinealocyte function. The second pathway involves disruption of the lobular structure, leading to a decline in the functional integrity of the gland. While pathological conditions such as neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders may accelerate pineal degeneration and reduce melatonin production, our results suggest that normal aging is the principal factor driving this involutional process. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the morphological aging pathways of the pineal gland and their potential functional implications.

Indexed as

AgingPineal GlandAgedAstrocytesFemaleHumansMaleNeurodegenerative Diseasesastrogliaglial cysthuman pineal glandmental disordersneurodegenerative diseasesnormal aging

Identifiers

PMID41977280
PMCPMC13073337

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.