Structural Design of a Nanogel Reaction Device with Emphasis on Temperature-Field Uniformity.

Zihao Tang, Mingzhe Wang, Jialong Liu, Zijia Zeng, Jing Guo, Xiaoming Yu, Lili Li

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Zihao TangSchool of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China.

Mingzhe WangSchool of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China.

Jialong LiuSchool of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China.

Zijia ZengSchool of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China.

Jing GuoSchool of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3928-8278

Xiaoming YuSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110180, China.ORCID 0000-0002-4138-7649

Lili LiSchool of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China.

Funding

the Liaoning Provincial Science and Technology Plan Joint Program 2025-MSLH-344

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Thermosensitive nanogels are highly sensitive to temperature fluctuations, making precise thermal control critical for uniform particle formation and consistent product quality. This study introduces a TRIZ-guided reactor design that integrates material-level self-feedback heating with structurally homogenized heat transfer, shifting temperature regulation from conventional multi-point feedback to intrinsic physical adaptation. Experimental evaluation demonstrated that the optimized system reduced the maximum temperature difference from 6.5 °C to 3.2 °C and decreased the standard deviation from 3.9 °C to 1.8 °C, resulting in improved reaction stability. Correspondingly, monomer conversion increased from 90% to 95%, and the particle size distribution narrowed, with PDI decreasing from 0.32 to 0.18. The energy consumption per unit mass of reactant also decreased from 3.6 kJ·g

Indexed as

nanogelsparticle size distributionPTC self-limiting heatingtemperature-field uniformityTRIZ

Identifiers

PMID41976586

DOI10.3390/ma19071298

PMCPMC13073821

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.