ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026
Do Calves Drink Water?
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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2 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundToday, it is important to measure livestock water consumption to devise sustainable solutions that consider environmental issues, livestock health requirements and animal welfare.
methodsThis longitudinal study measured the water consumption of 66 calves subjected to two feeding diets: a recommended diet as control (CON) and an optimised diet (OPT). Individual measurements were collected daily and summarised on a weekly basis over a 20-week period. The analysis considered the impact of environmental conditions depending on the season of the calf's birth.
resultsBefore weaning, calves spontaneously drank significant amounts of water in addition to the water brought by the calf milk replacer (CMR), but there was variability between animals. Water consumption among calves in the OPT group was higher than that among calves in the CON group from week 4 onwards (
conclusionsFree access to water should be maintained in calf rearing facilities, as water contributes to concentrated CMR and dry solid feed assimilation and the welfare of calves when the feeding plan remains at a modest level, enabling them to tolerate fluctuating environmental conditions.
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