Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41975394›Full record

ArticleCancer cell international2026

M. canadensis and its active component salvianolic acid B overcome paclitaxel resistance in gastric cancer via ROS-ER stress signaling.

Bo Ram Kim, Heerim Yeo, Sang-Min Park, Seol Jang, Hye Mi Yun, Youn-Hwan Hwang, Sun Il Lee, Sang Cheul Oh, Han Na Kang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer cell international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Bo Ram KimDivision of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea.
Heerim YeoCollege of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
Sang-Min ParkCollege of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
Seol JangKM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
Hye Mi YunGraduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308, Korea.
Youn-Hwan HwangKM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
Sun Il LeeDepartment of Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea.
Sang Cheul OhDivision of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea. sachoh@korea.ac.kr.
Han Na KangKM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea. khn3110@kiom.re.kr.

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea 2021R1C1C2014229National Research Foundation of Korea RS-2023-00238158
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPaclitaxel (PTX) is widely used for gastric cancer treatment; however, PTX resistance (PTXR) significantly limits clinical efficacy. PURPOSE: To investigate the potential of Mentha canadensis and its bioactive component, salvianolic acid B, to overcome PTX resistance in gastric cancer.

methodsThe cytotoxic effects of M. canadensis and salvianolic acid B, either alone or in combination with PTX, were assessed by cell viability assays. Total RNA sequencing was conducted on M. canadensis–treated PTXR cells to identify differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways. Expression levels of NOXA, PERK, ATF4, and other apoptotic markers were assessed using western blotting. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential changes were evaluated using flow cytometry. siRNA-mediated knockdown of NOXA and ATF4 was performed to determine roles in apoptosis.

resultsThe combination of M. canadensis and PTX overcame PTX resistance. M. canadensis treatment significantly increased ROS production, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress–related pathways in PTXR cells. M. canadensis induced apoptosis by upregulating NOXA. ROS accumulation further contributed to M. canadensis–induced apoptosis. Salvianolic acid B, a major bioactive compound of M. canadensis, enhanced PTX-induced apoptosis by upregulating ATF4 and NOXA and causing ROS accumulation. Salvianolic acid B acted synergistically with PTX by decreasing cell viability and promoting caspase-dependent apoptosis.

conclusionsM. canadensis and its active component salvianolic acid B sensitize PTXR gastric cancer cells to apoptosis by inducing ROS accumulation and ER stress–mediated NOXA upregulation. Overall, M. canadensis is a potential therapeutic agent for overcoming PTX resistance in gastric cancer.

Indexed as

Endoplasmic reticulum stressM. canadensisPaclitaxelReactive oxygen speciesSalvianolic acid B

Identifiers

PMID41975394
PMCPMC13214090

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.