Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41975080›Full record

ArticleNature materials2026

Orbital-hybridization-induced Ising-type superconductivity in a confined gallium layer.

Hemian Yi, Yunzhe Liu, Chengye Dong, Yiheng Yang, Zi-Jie Yan, Zihao Wang, Lingjie Zhou, Dingsong Wu, Houke Chen, Stephen Paolini and 17 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Hemian Yi *Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. hemianyi@sjtu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6488-2335
Yunzhe Liu *Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Chengye Dong *Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Two-dimensional Crystal Consortium, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-5758
Yiheng Yang *Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1840-2748
Zi-Jie YanDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6176-319X
Zihao WangDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-9734-8816
Lingjie ZhouDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Dingsong WuDepartment of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, UK.
Houke ChenDepartment of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, UK.
Stephen PaoliniDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-4798-406X
Bing XiaDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Bomin ZhangDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Xiaoda LiuDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Hongtao RongDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-3763-7593
Annie G WangDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Saswata MandalDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6213-7585
Kaijie YangDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Benjamin N KatzDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4489-2915
Lunhui HuCenter for Correlated Matter and School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0376-3367
Jieyi LiuDepartment of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6588-5987
Tien-Lin LeeDiamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-5983
Vincent H CrespiDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3846-3193
Yuanxi WangDepartment of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0659-1134
Yulin ChenDepartment of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8960-9725
Joshua A RobinsonDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1513-7187
Chao-Xing LiuDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. cxl56@psu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1881-1365
Cui-Zu ChangDepartment of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. cxc955@psu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3515-2955

Funding

Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Gordon E. and Betty I. Moore Foundation) GBMF9063National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 12574146NSF | Directorate for Mathematical & Physical Sciences | Division of Materials Research (DMR) DMR-1847811NSF | Directorate for Mathematical & Physical Sciences | Division of Materials Research (DMR) DMR-2011839NSF | Directorate for Mathematical & Physical Sciences | Division of Materials Research (DMR) DMR-2039351NSF | Directorate for Mathematical & Physical Sciences | Division of Materials Research (DMR) DMR-2128556NSF | Directorate for Mathematical & Physical Sciences | Division of Materials Research (DMR) DMR-2241327
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In low-dimensional superconductors, the interplay between quantum confinement and interfacial hybridization effects can reshape Cooper-pair wavefunctions and give rise to unconventional superconducting states. Here we use plasma-free confinement epitaxy assisted by a carbon buffer layer to synthesize a gallium trilayer sandwiched between graphene and a 6H-SiC(0001) substrate. Within this confined gallium layer, we demonstrate interfacial Ising-type superconductivity driven by atomic orbital hybridization. Electrical transport measurements reveal that the in-plane upper critical magnetic field reaches ~21.98 T at T = 400 mK, approximately 3.38 times the Pauli paramagnetic limit. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements, combined with theoretical calculations, confirm the presence of split Fermi surfaces with Ising-type spin textures at the K and K' valleys of the confined gallium layer, originating from strong hybridization with the SiC substrate. This work establishes a strategy for realizing unconventional pairing wavefunctions through the synergistic combination of quantum confinement and interfacial hybridization effects.

Identifiers

PMID41975080

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