Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41975079›Full record

ArticleNature materials2026

An ultrasound-scanning in vivo light source.

Shan Jiang, Marigold G Malinao, Fan Yang, Yushun Zeng, Silky S Hou, Xiang Wu, Nicholas J Rommelfanger, Lata Chaunsali, Su Zhao, Han Cui and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Shan JiangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1567-2745
Marigold G MalinaoDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-4300-9699
Fan YangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Yushun ZengAlfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-4085
Silky S HouDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Xiang WuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8872-7738
Nicholas J RommelfangerWu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1367-3939
Lata ChaunsaliDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Su ZhaoDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Han CuiDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6473-9232
Jun DingWu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0690-1312
Xiaoke ChenDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Qifa ZhouAlfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1527-3020
Harald SontheimerDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5843-9871
Guosong HongDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. guosongh@stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8858-4471

Funding

Mitigating neuroinflammation and enhancing neuronal integrity in Alzheimer's diseaseR01AG072430 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI Jianjie Ma · 2022 to 2026
$3.4M
Multi-modal profiling of spatially resolved cell types mediating opioid withdrawalR01DA059602 · NIDA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Bogdan Bintu, Xiaoke Chen · 2023 to 2026
$3.1M
Thalamic Circuits Underlying Opioid SeekingR01DA045664 · NIDA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI CHEN, XIAOKE · 2018 to 2022
$2.3M
Extracellular matrix and memory impairments in Alzheimer diseaseR01AG085359 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI HARALD W SONTHEIMER · 2024 to 2026
$2.1M
3D multifunctional deep brain interface for seizure detection and interventionR01NS123069 · NINDS · VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV · PI JIA, XIAOTING, SONTHEIMER, HARALD W · 2021 to 2025
$1.9M
Thalamic Circuits for Prosocial Behaviors in MiceR01MH116904 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI CHEN, XIAOKE · 2019 to 2022
$1.8M
A bidirectional deep brain interface to unravel the pathogenic role of vascular amyloid in Alzheimer's diseaseR56AG077720 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HU, SONG, JIA, XIAOTING · 2023 to 2023
$795k
National Science Foundation (NSF) 2045120National Science Foundation (NSF) 2217582U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) 1R34NS127103-01U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) 5R00AG056636-04U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01AG072430U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01AG085359U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01DA045664U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01DA059602U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01MH116904U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01NS123069U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01NS126076-01U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R56AG077720
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biological systems operate across distributed regions with fast, localized dynamics, yet existing biointerfaces fall short of providing both high spatiotemporal precision and the ability to dynamically target any region without disturbing surrounding tissue. Here we present an in vivo deep-tissue light source based on focused ultrasound scanning of mechanoluminescent nanotransducers circulating through the vasculature. We demonstrate the programmability of this approach in tissue-mimicking phantoms and the endogenous circulatory system of animals, where tunable spatial resolution and dynamic light patterning are achieved. We validate the functionality of the ultrasound-scanning light source in opsin-expressing neurons through electrophysiological recordings and immunostaining in both the brain and the spinal cord. We showcase dynamic three-dimensional brain targeting and temporally resolved behavioural control in freely moving animals via the ultrasound-scanning in vivo light source. This non-invasive deep-tissue light source offers a versatile strategy for body-wide optical interfacing.

Identifiers

PMID41975079

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.