ArticleJournal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology2026
Multiyear wildfire smoke exposure (MultiWiSE) metrics: a data-driven approach to characterizing episodic PM
Article in Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPopulation exposure to wildfire smoke (WFS) has increased across North America. The health effects of short-term WFS exposure are widely documented, but little is known about longer-term exposures. Most epidemiologic studies use multiyear averages to characterize long-term air pollution exposure, but these do not reflect the episodic nature of WFS which may be associated with distinct health risks.
objectiveWe developed twelve data-driven Multiyear Wildfire Smoke Exposure (MultiWiSE) metrics that characterize the frequency, intensity, and duration of episodic WFS for application in epidemiologic studies examining the effects of longer-term exposures.
methodsThe MultiWiSE metrics are easily calculable using any long time series of daily fine particulate matter (PM
resultsOf the MultiWiSE metrics, two describe cumulative exposure, four describe WFS-impacted weeks, five describe WFS episodes, and one describes recovery. When applied to 652 BC census subdivisions, WFS accounted for 1.7-24.5% of cumulative PM SIGNIFICANCE: The MultiWiSE metrics characterize the frequencies, intensities, and durations of episodic WFS exposure and can be calculated using any multiyear time series of PM IMPACT STATEMENT: Population exposure to wildfire smoke (WFS) has increased across North America. While the health effects of short-term exposure are widely documented, little is known about the effects of longer-term exposure. Most studies use multiyear averages to characterize long-term air pollution exposure, which do not capture the episodic nature of WFS. To support epidemiologic research on multiyear exposures, we developed twelve Multiyear Wildfire Smoke Exposure (MultiWiSE) metrics that can be calculated using any long time series of daily fine particulate matter. These data-driven metrics characterize the frequency, intensity, and duration of episodic WFS exposure across large and variably smoke-impacted regions.
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