Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41973906›Full record

ArticleNano letters2026

From 2D MXenes to 3D Carbides: Transformation of Ti

Barak Ratzker, Bar Favelukis, Mathias Krämer, Christoph Freysoldt, Yiftach Kushnir, Asaf Nitsan, Alexander Upcher, Nitzan Maman, Or Messer, Dierk Raabe and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nano letters, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Barak RatzkerMax Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0242-1282
Bar FavelukisDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B 39040, Ramat Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Mathias KrämerMax Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1352-9064
Christoph FreysoldtMax Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Yiftach KushnirDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B 39040, Ramat Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Asaf NitsanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B 39040, Ramat Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Alexander UpcherIlse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel.
Nitzan MamanIlse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel.
Or MesserDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B 39040, Ramat Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Dierk RaabeMax Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Baptiste GaultMax Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Maxim SokolDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B 39040, Ramat Aviv 6997801, Israel.ORCID 0000-0001-8588-0585

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

MXenes are renowned for their versatile uses in various scientific fields as 2D materials, but they also show potential in structural applications utilizing their high-temperature transformation into transition-metal carbides with unique morphologies. Herein, we developed a method to study this transformation in model systems. As a proof-of-concept, MXene thin films (≤20 nm thickness) were deposited on sapphire and subjected to high temperature (1400 °C) and moderate pressure (18 MPa), transforming them into nanolamellar carbides. Structural and compositional analyses of the interface revealed that the Ti

Indexed as

interlayerMXenereactive bondingspark plasma sinteringspin-coatingtitanium carbide

Identifiers

PMID41973906
PMCPMC13107518

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.