Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41973147›Full record

ArticleMolecular diagnosis & therapy2026

Beyond Binary FISH Results: Targeted NGS Provides Deeper Characterization of MYC and Broader Genomic Alterations in DLBCL.

Mariana Bastos-Oreiro, Sara Fernández de Córdoba-Oñate, Ismael de la Iglesia-San Sebastián, Francisco Díaz-Crespo, María Chicano Lavilla, Juan Carlos Triviño, Raquel Fernández González, Miguel López-Esteban, Marina Gómez-Llobel, Paula Fernández Caldas and 5 more

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Article in Molecular diagnosis & therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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15 authors.

Mariana Bastos-Oreiro *Departament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain. bastosmariana@yahoo.com.
Sara Fernández de Córdoba-Oñate *Departament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0009-0004-5686-3486
Ismael de la Iglesia-San SebastiánDepartament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Francisco Díaz-CrespoGregorio Marañón Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.
María Chicano LavillaDepartament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Juan Carlos TriviñoDepartment of Bioinformatics, Sistemas Genómicos, Valencia, Spain.
Raquel Fernández GonzálezDepartament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Miguel López-EstebanDepartament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Marina Gómez-LlobelDepartament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Paula Fernández CaldasDepartament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Pablo SilvaDepartament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Javier MenárguezDepartament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Ramón García SanzDepartament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Ismael BuñoDepartament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Carolina Martínez-LapercheDepartament of Haematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain. cmlaperchehgugm@gmail.com.

Funding

Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI23/01880
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionRearrangements involving MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 are central to the genetic classification and risk stratification of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In routine practice, these alterations are primarily assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), which provides limited diagnostic information and lacks information on partner genes, breakpoint architecture, or clonal complexity.

methodsWe investigated whether targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) refines the interpretation of gene rearrangements in aggressive B cell lymphomas and alters their diagnostic classification. Tumor samples from 48 patients were analyzed using FISH, immunohistochemistry, and a custom hybrid-capture NGS panel enabling simultaneous detection of structural variants, copy number alterations, and somatic mutations.

resultsTargeted NGS identified 59 fusion events in 37 patients, including 26 MYC rearrangements (MYC-Rs). A substantial proportion (58%) involved non-immunoglobulin partners, many of them previously unreported. NGS resolved inconclusive or discordant FISH results, uncovered cryptic rearrangements, and revealed genomic complexity. In several cases, these findings refined genetic classification, including the identification of additional double- and triple-hit lymphomas.

conclusionsThese results demonstrate that a FISH-based assessment of MYC-, BCL2-, and BCL6-Rs is insufficient to capture the biological and diagnostic complexity of DLBCL. Targeted NGS provides structural and functional context that improves interpretation of rearrangements and supports a more refined genetic classification in routine practice.

Indexed as

GenomicsHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingLymphoma, Large B-Cell, DiffuseProto-Oncogene Proteins c-mycAdultAgedDNA Copy Number VariationsFemaleGene RearrangementHumansIn Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceMaleMiddle AgedMutationProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc

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