Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41973108›Full record

ArticleIntensive care medicine2026

Prophylactic noninvasive ventilation after extubation in high-risk patients without hypercapnia.

Arnaud W Thille, Louis Chamblet, Stéphanie Ragot, Arnaud Gacouin, Mai-Anh Nay, Stephan Ehrmann, Christophe Girault, Laurence Dangers, Guylaine Labro, Emmanuel Canet and 19 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Intensive care medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors.

Arnaud W ThilleCHU de Poitiers, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France. aw.thille@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7798-6715
Louis ChambletCHU de Poitiers, INSERM CIC 1402 IS-ALIVE, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
Stéphanie RagotCHU de Poitiers, INSERM CIC 1402 IS-ALIVE, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
Arnaud GacouinCHU de Rennes, Hôpital Ponchaillou, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Réanimation Médicale, Rennes, France.
Mai-Anh NayCHU d'Orléans, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Orléans, France.
Stephan EhrmannCHU de Tours, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Tours, France.
Christophe GiraultCHU de Rouen, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, GRHVN UR 3830, Rouen, France.
Laurence DangersCHU Félix Guyon, Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Saint Denis de la Réunion, France.
Guylaine LabroGroupement Hospitalier Régional Mulhouse et Sud Alsace, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Mulhouse, France.
Emmanuel CanetCHU de Nantes, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Nantes, France.
Jean-Pierre QuenotUniversité Bourgogne-Europe, CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, INSERM CIC-1432-Equipe Lipness UMR 1231, Dijon, France.
Maxens DecaveleAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire APHP-Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation (Département R3S), Paris, France.
Christophe GuittonCH Le Mans, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Le Mans, France.
Gwenael PratCHU de Brest, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Brest, France.
Clément SaccheriCHU de Nice, Médecine Intensive Ranimation, Nice, France.
Damien ContouCH d'Argenteuil, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Argenteuil, France.
Anahita RouzeUniversité de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1285-UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Lille, France.
Marie-Ange AzaisCH Départemental de Vendée, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, La Roche-Sur-Yon, France.
Antoine RomenCH de Pau, Service de Réanimation, Pau, France.
Guillaume LacaveCH de Versailles, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Le Chesnay, France.
Alexandre LautretteCHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Nicholas SedillotCH de Bourg-en-Bresse, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Bourg-en-Bresse, France.
Romain SonnevilleAP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Paris, France.
Emmanuel VivierHôpital Saint Joseph-Saint Luc, Service de Réanimation, Lyon, France.
Marie-Anne HoppeCH de La Rochelle, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, La Rochelle, France.
Jeremy BourenneAP-HM, CHU La Timone 2, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Réanimation des Urgences, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
François BeloncleCHU d'Angers, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Angers, France.
Rémi CoudroyCHU de Poitiers, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France.
Jean-Pierre FratCHU de Poitiers, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe beneficial effects of prophylactic noninvasive ventilation (NIV) after extubation in patients without hypercapnia are uncertain. Our objective was to assess the effects of prophylactic NIV on reintubation among patients without hypercapnia at the time of extubation.

methodsPost hoc analysis of two multicenter clinical trials including high-risk patients (i.e., patients older than 65 years or with underlying cardiac/respiratory disease). Our analysis focused on the 829 patients without hypercapnia (PaCO

resultsAfter extubation, 540 patients (65%) received NIV + HFNC while 289 (35%) received HFNC alone. The reintubation rate at day 7 was 11.8% [95% CI 9.4-14.8%] with NIV + HFNC versus 17.6% [95% CI 13.7-22.5%] with HFNC alone (difference, - 5.8% [95% CI - 11.2 to -0.8%]; p = 0.021). Using G-computation, NIV + HFNC was more effective than HFNC alone in reducing the risk of reintubation, with an estimated difference of - 5.6% [95% CI - 11.0 to - 0.5%]. Reintubation rates were also significantly lower with NIV + HFNC than with HFNC alone at 48 h, 72 h, and until ICU discharge.

conclusionFor high-risk patients, but without hypercapnia on the day of extubation, the use of prophylactic NIV alternating with HFNC after extubation significantly decreases the risk of reintubation as compared to HFNC alone.

Indexed as

Airway ExtubationNoninvasive VentilationAgedFemaleHumansHypercapniaIntensive Care UnitsMaleOxygen Inhalation TherapyVentilator WeaningAirway extubationIntensive care unitMechanical ventilationNoninvasive ventilationVentilator weaning

Identifiers

PMID41973108

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.