ArticleCells2026
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Respond to SARS-CoV-2 Peptides and Exhibit Altered T-Cell Regulatory Capacity.
Article in Cells, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundMSCs possess strong immunoregulatory properties and play a central role in maintaining immune homeostasis by limiting inflammatory responses. Their function is highly plastic and influenced by environmental cues, including viral signals. How SARS-CoV-2-derived antigens affect MSC immunoregulation remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 peptides on MSC-mediated immune modulation of T-cells.
methodsMSCs were stimulated directly with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S peptides or cocultured with SARS-CoV-2 peptide-activated T-cells. TLR4 surface expression and receptor downstream signaling were assessed to evaluate pathway activation. MSC immunoregulatory function was analyzed by measuring suppression of TNF-α and IFN-γ expression and induction of CD4
resultsSARS-CoV-2 peptides activated TLR4-associated signaling in MSCs, increasing TLR4 expression and NF-κB phosphorylation. Peptide-treated MSCs showed impaired suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced induction of regulatory T-cells. TLR4 inhibition prevented these effects. LPS induced similar effects, while combining LPS and peptide stimulation partially restored physiological T-cell cytokine suppression.
conclusionsSARS-CoV-2 peptides modulate MSC immunoregulatory function on T-cells via TLR4-dependent mechanisms.
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