ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Survival benefit and dynamics of CD8
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy resistance of esophageal carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) has emerged as a promising strategy for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC), yet real-world evidence comparing its efficacy and safety with conventional neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) remains scarce. Furthermore, the underlying immune microenvironment dynamics associated with these clinical benefits have not been fully elucidated. Method: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with resectable LA-ESCC who received either nICT or nCT followed by curative esophagectomy. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to minimize selection bias. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). In addition, we analyzed recurrence patterns and performed multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) to characterize the immune microenvironment associated with treatment response. Results: A total of 224 patients received nICT and 80 received nCT. After IPTW adjustment, OS in the nICT group was significantly better than in the nCT group (3-year OS: 77.68% Conclusion: nICT provided a significant survival advantage over nCT, primarily by inhibiting distant metastasis rather than preventing local recurrence. This benefit may be attributed to immune microenvironment dynamics, specifically characterized by T-cell activation and macrophage modulation.
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Registered trials
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