SynthesisFrontiers in microbiology2026
Evolutionary trajectory and co-infection dynamics of human influenza A(H1N1) virus (2000-2025): an integrated framework informed by expert-informed bibliometrics.
Synthesis in Frontiers in microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Influenza A (H1N1) remains an important seasonal respiratory pathogen, but evidence on its evolutionary dynamics, reported co-detections, and surveillance priorities remains fragmented. Methods: We conducted an evidence-mapping synthesis (2000-2025) integrating bibliometric analysis, expert-guided curation, and sequence/structure-informed interpretation. A total of 15,028 records were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, and 11,848 unique publications were retained after deduplication. GenBank-derived hemagglutinin (HA) sequences and Swiss-Model homology models were used to characterize mutational patterns and structural features. Literature-derived co-detection records were extracted from eligible publications and interpreted using a method-aware framework. Results: A post-2010 shift in the HA mutational landscape was observed, with recurrent substitutions at sites including S13, S146, S160, and S202. Structure-informed comparison of representative HA models identified a conformationally flexible segment spanning residues aa190-aa226, suggesting potential relevance to the receptor-binding microenvironment. Mapping of literature-derived co-detection records showed that RSV and SARS-CoV-2 were among the most frequently reported co-pathogens; however, these proportions reflected reporting composition across heterogeneous studies rather than population-level co-infection prevalence. In a China-focused module, G219A in Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 strains was prioritized through protocol-constrained expert annotation requiring isolate-level evidence and was interpreted as a hypothesis-generating site of interest within the receptor-binding region rather than an algorithm-derived global bibliometric signal. Discussion: This study provides an integrated overview of H1N1 research evolution, HA mutational change, and reported co-detection patterns over the past 25 years. The findings support a tiered, method-aware multi-pathogen surveillance framework for preparedness, while underscoring that heterogeneous literature-derived co-detection data require standardized definitions, assay-aware interpretation, and local calibration before translation into clinical or public health decision-making.
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