Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41971300›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Glucose driven bacterial persistence in extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis with diabetes.

Xin Yao, Yarong Shi, Minghao Kong, Yujie Zhang, Jianxia Chen, Wenjuan Wang, Zhonghua Liu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Xin Yao *The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
Yarong Shi *The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
Minghao KongThe Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
Yujie ZhangThe Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
Jianxia ChenShanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Wenjuan WangThe Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
Zhonghua LiuThe Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) disrupts the metabolic environment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR) patients, promoting mycobacterial persistence. Key factors influencing bacterial clearance remain unclear. This study aimed to identify critical host factors and assess the therapeutic value of intensive glucose control. Method: A 48-month single-center retrospective cohort study compared sputum smear conversion (bacterial clearance) between 57 XDR-only (XDR) and 84 XDR with DM (XDR + DM) patients (similar treatment, consistent Results: Compared with XDR patients, the XDR + DM group exhibited a significantly lower bacterial clearance rate (80.7% vs. 45.2%) and longer median clearance time (6 vs. 12 months), despite comparable baseline smear grades. Crucially, XDR + DM patients displayed distinct immunometabolic dysregulation, characterized by elevated inflammatory markers (CRP) and a disrupted CD4+ /CD8+ T-cell balance (increased CD4+, decreased CD8+ counts). Multivariable analysis identified hyperglycemia as the primary driver of delayed clearance (aHR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.23-1.77, Conclusion: Dysregulated glucose metabolism and subsequent immune imbalance in diabetes are key drivers of delayed bacterial clearance in XDR patients, independent of the anti-tuberculosis regimen. Precise glucose control should be regarded as a core strategy, on a par with anti-XDR treatment.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseDiabetes MellitusExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisAdultAntitubercular AgentsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSputumAntitubercular AgentsBlood Glucosebacterial clearancediabetes mellitusextensively drug-resistant tuberculosisglucosehigh bacterial load

Identifiers

PMID41971300
PMCPMC13062200

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.