ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Europe2026
Liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma attributable to hepatitis B and C in Kyrgyzstan, 2019-2024: a prospective and retrospective study.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Europe, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B, C, and D viruses (HBV/HCV/HDV) can cause chronic infections that lead to sequelae like liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to estimate the fractions of cirrhosis and HCC attributable to HBV and HCV in Kyrgyzstan. Methods: We collected information on patients diagnosed with cirrhosis and/or HCC from medical records in clinical hospitals and oncology centres in Bishkek, Osh, and Jalalabad. The study included a prospective part from 08/2023 to 04/2024 and a retrospective part from 01/2019 to 07/2023. We calculated attributable fractions (AFs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for HBV and HCV and stratified results by age, sex, and region. We analysed test results for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) and HDV (anti-HDV), and viral DNA/RNA. Findings: Among participants with cirrhosis, we found AFs of 46% (95% CI 42-49%) for HBV (416/914) and 25% (95% CI 22-28%) for HCV (226/914). Among participants with HCC, AFs to HBV (182/572) and HCV (183/572) were both 32% (95% CI 28-36%). These calculations included 3% of cirrhosis (25/914) and HCC (17/572) patients who had HBV/HCV-coinfections. Among participants tested for anti-HDV, 78% (306/390) of cirrhosis patients and 50% (44/88) of HCC patients tested positive [for anti-HDV]. Interpretation: Large fractions of cirrhosis and HCC cases were attributable to HBV and HCV, with HBV/HDV-coinfections being common. To prevent long-term sequelae and to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat in Kyrgyzstan, earlier testing and treatment options should be implemented. Funding: This study received financial support in the framework of the Global Health Protection Programme by the Federal Government of Germany.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.