Still unsafe: what's holding us back on online safety for women.

Ángel Pavón Pérez, Tracie Farrell, Christine De Kock, Olga Jurasz, Debora Nozza, Miriam Fernandez

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in AI and ethics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ángel Pavón PérezCentre for Protecting Women Online, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.

Tracie FarrellKnowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.

Christine De KockUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

Olga JuraszCentre for Protecting Women Online, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.

Debora NozzaBocconi University, Milan, Italy.

Miriam FernandezKnowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Online Violence Against Women (OVAW) is a persistent and evolving challenge, encompassing AI-generated sexual content, cyberstalking, sextortion, and online harassment, among other emerging forms of abuse. Despite growing scholarly and policy attention, interventions remain limited in effectiveness. This article presents findings from the

Indexed as

Algorithmic harmMisogyny onlineOnline safetyOnline violence against womenPlatform accountabilityTFGBV

Identifiers

PMID41970516

DOI10.1007/s43681-026-01097-0

PMCPMC13068686

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.