ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Short- and long-term efficacy evaluation of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation and uterine artery embolization in the treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) I and II: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objectives: To retrospectively analyze and compare the safety, effectiveness, and long-term pregnancy outcomes of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) versus uterine artery embolization (UAE), both followed by ultrasound-guided dilatation and curettage (USg-D&C), in treating cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) type I and II, offering clinical insights. Design: A retrospective cohort study (Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital). Setting: University hospital. Patients: From June 2021 to December 2024, a total of 84 patients were included, all diagnosed with CSP I or II and treated by high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) or uterine artery embolization (UAE), followed by USg-D&C. Interventions: None. Measurements and main results: Follow-up of the reproductive outcomes ended in December 2024, 40 patients received HIFU ablation and 44 patients received UAE both followed by USg-D&C, involved in the study. Results: Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups (all Conclusion: Compared with UAE, HIFU in the treatment of CSP type I and type II results in shorter hospital stays for patients, milder effects on menstrual volume, and shorter intervals to pregnancy and conception preparation durations. However, no statistically significant difference was noted in the long-term intrauterine pregnancy rate between the two groups. Future research should prioritize high-quality randomized controlled trials with prospective design, large sample sizes, and multi-center settings.
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