Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41969939›Full record

ArticleGland surgery2026

Feasibility and aesthetic outcomes of immediate fat-augmented latissimus dorsi (FALD) flap reconstruction post-mastectomy: a prospective cohort study from a tertiary breast centre.

Li Ying Teoh, Mee Hoong See, Yin Cheng Lim, Shaqirah Azraq Alya, Lee Lee Lai, Suniza Jamaris, Visnu Lohsiriwat, Wei Qi Soh, Chen Hoi Lee, Yee Chi Wong and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gland surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Li Ying TeohBreast and Endocrine Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1282-8895
Mee Hoong SeeBreast and Endocrine Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Yin Cheng LimDepartment of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8519-7046
Shaqirah Azraq AlyaFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4163-1050
Lee Lee LaiFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0783-6340
Suniza JamarisBreast and Endocrine Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-3873
Visnu LohsiriwatDepartment Head, Neck and Breast, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6815-3551
Wei Qi SohBreast and Endocrine Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2620-3178
Chen Hoi LeeBreast and Endocrine Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6906-6111
Yee Chi WongBreast and Endocrine Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9088-4855
Qing Yi TanBreast and Endocrine Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Jing Hui NgFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9275-4325

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Traditional mastectomy often results in aesthetic and psychological concerns for patients. The latissimus dorsi (LD) flap remains a widely used autologous option, especially in Asian women with smaller breast volumes. However, volume deficiency remains a limitation. This study assesses the feasibility and outcomes of fat-augmented LD (FALD) flap reconstruction. Methods: A prospective cohort of 23 patients undergoing immediate or delayed LD flap breast reconstruction with intraoperative autologous fat grafting was recruited between 2019 and 2022. Inclusion criteria included body mass index (BMI) 18.5-30 kg/m Results: Median age was 41 years. Average fat volume injected was 232 mL. Most patients were satisfied with their cosmetic outcomes; however, satisfaction declined slightly over time. The nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) group consistently scored higher in AIS compared to skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM). Interrater agreement between patients and assessors was low [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) <0.5]. Complications were minimal and manageable. Conclusions: FALD flap reconstruction is a feasible, single-stage procedure with promising cosmetic and patient-reported outcomes, especially in patients unsuitable for larger volume flaps.

Indexed as

aestheticfeasibilityImmediate fat-augmented latissimus dorsi flap (immediate FALD flap)reconstruction

Identifiers

PMID41969939
PMCPMC13062860

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.